102 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



distinct ribs, two on the upper whorls and about ten on the last, with fine wavy 

 and irregular lines in the interspaces ; the first rib causes slight carination of the 

 whorls, with a corresponding angulation of the outer lip ; it differs from the variety 

 carinata in being broader in proportion to the length ; the spire is usually short 

 and not elongate. 



Dimensions. — L. 75 — 105 mm. B. 45 — 05 mm. 



Distributiov. — llecent : coasts of Massachusetts and further north. 

 Fossil : Red Crag : all zones. 



Remarl-s. — This strong and coarsely ribbed shell is one of the most abundant 

 of the dextral Neptuneas of the Red Crag. The Oakley specimen here represented 

 agrees with Gould's figure of the American Fnsns decemcodatns except that it is 

 slightly narrower, I do not think the two forms can be separated, but as our 

 shell is clearly connected Avith the Crag N. ilespeda it may be regarded as a variety 

 of that species. A dwarf form of this variety with finer sculpture (PI. XXV, 

 fig. 3) occurs occasionally in the Icenian Crag. 



Var. carinata, Pennant. Plate XVII, fig. 5 ; Plate XXV, fig. 4. 



1777. Murex carinatus, Pennant, Brit. ZooL, vol. iv, p. 107, tab. Ixxvii, fig. 96. 



1848. Trophon antiquum, \3jr. jugostim, S. V. Wood, Mon. Crag Moll., pt. i, tab. v, fig. la. 



1881. Fiisus mdiquus, Nyst, Conch. Terr. Tert. Belg., p. 13, pi. i, figs. 9 6, 9 d, 9 e. 



1885. Ftisus antiquus, Lorie, Arcb. Mus. Teyler [2], vol. ii, p. 203, pi. v, fig. 28. 



1892. Chrysodomus despeda, var. carinata, Van den Broeck, Bull. Soc. Beige Gt'ol., vol. vi (Mt'moires), 



p. 131. 

 1912. Neptunea antiqua, subsp. carinata, Dautzenberg et Fischer, Camp. Scient. Pr. Monaco, vol. 



xxxvii (Mollusques), p. 78, pi. ii, fig. 4. 



Varietal Characters. — Differs from the typical N. desjjecta and from var. 

 decemcostata in its more slender and elongate form ; from the former in the some- 

 what greater convexity of its whorls, and its stronger spiral sculpture, and from 

 var. siihantiquata in having a less prominent or well-marked keel below the suture. 



Dimensions. — L. 75 — 85 mm. B. 40 — 50 mm. 



Distribution. — Recent .- circumpolar Seas. 



Fossil: Waltonian Crag: Beaumont (unique), Little Oakley. 

 Newbournian : Ramsholt, Felixstow, Falkenham, Waldringfield. Butleyan : Butley, 

 Bawdsey, Alderton. Icenian: Bramerton (rare). 



Poederlien : Belgium. Amstelien : Holland. 



Bemarlcs. — The shell figured under the above name is the form of the dextral 

 group of Neptuneas reported from the Belgian Crag by Nyst as occurring in the 

 Poederlien of Antwerp, an upper horizon of the Scaldisien which bears a similar 

 relation to it that the Oakley bed does to that of Walton ; it was also found by 



