396 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



Genus BROCCHINIA, Jousseaume, 1888. 

 Brocchinia mitraeformis (Brooch i). Plate XXXIX, fig. 40. 



1814. Voluta mitraeformis, Brocchi, Conch, foss. subap., vol. ii, p. 645, pi. xv, fig. 13. 



1841. Oancellaria mitraeformis, Bellardi, Descr. Cane, foss., p. 9, pi. i, figs. 5, 6. 



1848. Cancellaria mitraeformis, S. V. Wood, Mon. Crag Moll., pt. i, p. 65, pi. vii, fig. 19. 



1870. Cancellaria mitraeformis, A. Bell, Journ. de Couch., vol. xviii, p. 345, no. 178. 



1873. Cancellaria mitrtbformis, d'Ancona, Mem. Cart. Geol. Ital., vol. ii, p. 236, pi. xiii, fig. 7. 



1874. Cancellaria mitraeformis, Van den Broeck, Ann. Soc. Roy. Malac. Belg., vol. ix, pp. 120, 135. 

 1876. Cancellaria mitraeformis, Seguenza, Boll. R. Com. Geol. Ital., vol. vii, p. 8, no. 450. 



1878. Merica mitraeformis, de Stefani e Pantanelli, Bull. Soc. Malac. Ital., vol. iv, p. 119. 

 1881. Cancellaria mitraeformis, Nyst, Conch. Terr. tert. Belg., p. 10, pi. xxviii, fig. 9. 

 1890-4. Cancellaria mitraeformis, Sacco, Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. ix, p. 264, no. 3860, 1890; Broc- 

 chinia mitraeformis, Moll. Terr. Terz. Piem., pt. xvi, p. 68, pi. iii, figs. 81 — 89, 1894. 

 1899. Brocchinia mitraeformis, Cossmanu, Ess. Paleoconch. compar., vol. iii, p. 19, pi. i, fig. 22. 



Specific Characters. — Shell rather small, slender, solid, elongato-ovate ; whorls 

 6, slightly convex, the last two-thirds the total length ; ornamented by spiral lines 

 and sometimes by costse, discontinuous, especially on the upper part of the shell ; 

 spire conical, elongate, ending in a blunt point; suture well-marked but not deep; 

 mouth irregularly oval, angulate above; canal very short; outer lip grooved 

 within ; columella excavated in the middle, having two inconspicuous folds. 



Dimensions. — L. 12 — 14 mm. B. 5 — 6 mm. 



Distribution.- -Not known living. 



Fossil: Coralline Crag: Gedgrave, Gomer, Boy ton. Waltonian : 

 Walton-on-Naze, Little Oakley. Newbournian : Sutton, Newbourn, Felixstow. 

 Scaldisien : Antwerp. 



Miocene : north Germany, France, Belgium (Bolderien). Italy (Elveziano). 



Lower Pliocene : Biot, Piedmont, Ligurian coast, Siena. 



Upper Pliocene : Orciano, Bologna, Livorno, Altavilla. 



Remarks. — The generic name Brocchinia is used for a special group of small 

 Cancellariidae of which the present species has been taken as the type. In his list 

 of Crag shells (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxvii, pp. 142, 487, 1871), and again in 

 his paper on the Mollusca of the ' Lightning ' and ' Porcupine ' Expeditions (Proc. 

 Zool. Soc, p. 49, 1885), Jeffreys identified B. mitraeformis with a living west 

 European shell, Oancellaria pusilla, H. Adams, to which it has some resemblance, 

 but this view has not been generally accepted ; one of the latest writers on the 

 subject, Mr. E. K. Sykes, says, " I think the recent shell is distinct." ' 



It seems to be a fairly common Mediterranean fossil, ranging from the Middle 

 Miocene to the Upper Pliocene of Italy. It occurs also at a number of Crag 

 localities, although not very abundantly, and in the Scaldisien of Belgium. Its 



1 Proc. Malac. Soc, vol. ix, p. 332, 1911. 



