448 PLIOCENE MOLLUSC. \. 



triplicate type and are clearly different; as to figs. J 2 J, 12 e, 12/, and 12 g they 

 belong, I believe, to more than one other species. 



The sub-generic term Haustator is now used for a group of large Turritellas, 

 T. imbricataria being taken as the type. 



Var. minor, nov. Plate XLII, figs. 8, 9. 



1870. Turritella incrassata, S. V. Wood, Jr., and F. W. Harmer, Rep. Brit. Assoc. (Liverpool), 

 Trans. Sect,, p. 90. 



Remarks. — Fifty years ago the younger Wood and I obtained many specimens 

 of Turritella incrassata from the Middle Glacial sands of Billockby, a village 

 about 7 miles W.S.W. of Great Yarmouth; some of them being now in the 

 Wood collection at the Norwich Museum. They were all considerably smaller 

 than the usual Red Crag type, and such shells may be found also in the Iceuian 

 Crag of Bramerton. This case seems similar to that of the dwarfed variety of 

 Potamides tricinctus from the latter horizon, described above on p. 413. 



Turritella (Haustator) triplicata (Brocchi). Plate XLII, figs. 11 — 14. 



1814. Turbo triplicatus, Brocchi, Conch, foss. subap., vol. ii, p. 369, pi. vi, fig. 14. 



1836-44. Turritella triplicata, Philippi, Enmn. Moll. Sic, vol. i, p. 190, 1836; vol. ii, p. 160, 1844. 



1873-6. Turritella triplicata, Seguenza, Boll. R. Com. Ceol. Ital., vol. iv, p. 356, no. 337, 1873; 



vol. v, p. 282, no. 123, 1874; vol. vii, p. 100, no. 641, 1876. 

 1878. Turritella triplicata, de Stefani e Pantanelli, Bull. Soc. Malac. Ital., vol. iv, p. 146. 

 1881. Turritella incrassata, Nyst, Conch. Terr. Terfc. Belg., p. 82. 



1884. Turritella {Haustator) triplicata, Bucquoy, Dautzenberg et Dollfus, Moll. mar. Rouss., vol. i, 

 p. 227, pi. xxviii, figs. 1 — 5. 



1885. Turritella incrassata, Lorie, Arch. Mus. Teyler [2], vol. ii, pp. 186, 230, pi. vii, fig. 5. 



1886. Turritella (Haustator) triplicata, Dollfus et Dautzenberg, Feuilles des jeunes Nat,, vol. xvi, 

 p. 138. 



1889-95. Turritella triplicata, Sacco, Boll. Soc. Ceol. Ital., vol. viii, p. 353, no. 1906, 1889 ; Haustator 



triplicatus and vars., Moll. Terr. Terz. Piem., pt, xix, p. 26, pi. ii, figs. 32—39, 1895. 

 1890. Turritella incrassata, C. Reid, Plioc. Dep. Brit,, p. 260, pi. iii, fi^'. 3. 

 1890. Turritella triplicata, Cams, Prod. Faun. Medit., vol. ii, p. 354. 

 1892. Turritella m edit err anea, Locard, Coq. mar. Cotes de Prance, p. 125. 

 1913. Turritella triplicata, Gignoux, Ann. Univ. Lyon, n. s. [1], vol. xxxvi, p. 553. 



Specific Characters. — Shell strong and solid, resembling T. incrassata except 

 that the spiral ridges are more distinctly triplicate and equidistant, the whorls 

 being sometimes more convex, not flattened, while in specimens from the Crag the 

 spire is generally shorter. 



Dimensions (of specimens from the Crag). — L. 40 — 55 mm. B. 13 — 10 mm. 



