INTRODUCTION. 



The following Table shows the distribution of the fossil Estheria and Leaia 1 de- 

 scribed in this Monograph, and the- organic remains found in association with them : — 



Genus and Species. 



Esth. membranacea, Pacht, sp 



>» >> • 



E. striata, Miinster, sp 



var. Tateana 



„ Beinertiana 



,, „ ,, Binneyana 

 „ „ „ Beinertiana 

 Leaia Leidyi, Lea, sp 



„ ,, var. Salteriana ... 



„ >, „ Williamsoniana 

 Estheria tenella, Jordan, sp. 



Locality. 



E. exigua, Eichwald, sp. 



E. Portlockii, sp. n 



E. minuta, Alberti, sp. .. 



var. Brodieana. 



Livonia 



Caithness 



Bavaria , 



Belgium 



Berwickshire ... 



Silesia 



Lancashire 



Lanarkshire . . . 



Derbyshire 



Lancashire 



Pennsylvania ... 



Fifeshire 



Lancashire 



France (Autun) 



Schwarzwald . . . 



Lancashire ..... 



Lanarkshire . . . 



Saxony 



Russia 



Ireland 



France 



Hanover 



Germany 



Hanover 



Worcestershire . 



Warwickshire 



Somersetshire . 

 Gloucestershire . 

 Somersetshire 

 Morayshire 



E. Mangaliensis, sp. n. 

 E. Kotahensis, sp. n. 



E. ovata, Lea, sp 



India 

 India 



E. Murehisonise, sp. n 



E. concentrica, Bean, sp 



E. elliptica, Dunker 



„ var. subquadrata 

 E. Forbesii, sp. n 



North America 



Skye 



Yorkshire 



Germany 



Sussex 



South America 



E. Middendorfii, sp. n Siberia 



Geological Stage. 



Old Red 



Old Red 



Lower Carboniferous 

 Lower Carboniferous 

 Lower Carboniferous 

 Lower Coal-measures 

 Lower Coal-measures 

 Lower Coal-measures 

 Lower Coal-measures 

 Middle Coal-measures 

 Lower Carboniferous 

 Lower Carboniferous 

 Upper Coal-measures 

 Upper Coal-measures , 

 Upper Coal-measures . 

 Upper Coal-measures . 



Upper Coal-measures . 



Lower Permian 



Permian 



Permian 



Bunter 



Bunter 



Lettenkohle 



Keuper 



Keuper 



Keuper 



Keuper 



Rhsetic 



Rhsetic 



Rhsetic 



Triassic or Rhsetic 

 Rhsetic or Jurassic 



Triassic or Rhsetic 



Oolite 



Oolite 



Wealden 



Wealden 



Mesozoic? 



Tertiary ? 



Associated Organic Remains. 



Lingula. Fishes. 

 Fishes. 



Spirorbis. Fish. Plants. Cypridse 

 Spirorbis. Cypridse. 



Fishes. 

 Plants. 



Anthracosia.* Plants.* 



Fishes* and Plants.* 



Crustaceans* {Gampsonyx). 



Beyrichia. 



Spirorbis. Anthracosia. Avicula 



Fishes and Plants. 



Beyrichia. Plants.* 



Fishes.* 



Limulites.* Apus. Plants * 



Lingula. Pleurophorus. Lignite. 



Fishes* and Plants.* 

 Fishes.* 



Plants. 



Cardium (?). Plants. Insects. 



Cypridse. Reptiles.* Fishes.* 

 Plants.* 



Reptiles.* Fishes.* Plants. 



Cypridse. Fishes.* Plants. 

 Insects. 



Cypridse. Fishes.* Plants.* 

 Reptiles. 



Plants (Ferns and Cycads). 



Cyrena. Cypridse. Plants.* 



Cyrena. Cypridse. Plants.* 



Ferns or Cycads. 



Fishes (Aspius). Paludina (?). 

 Plants. Insects. 



Marked thus * not in the same seam, but in closely associated beds. 

 1 Leaia is a problematical ally of Estheria. See the Appendix. 



