8 PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 
Mr. W. J. Lewis Abbott, of St. Leonard’s (see Pls. V and VI, and Text-figs. 1—7). 
In the same paper by Newton a reference is made to a skull belonging to Dr. H. P. 
Blackmore, of Salisbury, who obtained it in 1875 from the brick earth of Fisherton, 
near Salisbury, where it was associated with the following Arctic animals!: Lepus 
variabilis (the mountain hare), Microtus nivalis, Myodes torquatus (the lemming), 
Ovibos moschatus (the musk ox), and Rangifer tarandus (the reindeer). The reindeer 
was also found associated with the Arctic fox at Creswell Crags and Ightham, and 
Newton” is further of opinion that certain vertebrze and other bones from a small 
eave at Walton near Clevedon are to be attributed to the Arctic fox; here the 
presence of another arctic animal, the lemming, is indicated. The only record of 
the occurrence of the Arctic fox in Ireland is contained in Scharff’s* account 
of the Newhall cave, Edenvale, co. Clare, where a jaw clearly to be attributed to 
this species was met with. Here again it was associated with the reindeer 
and lemming. 
SKELETAL DIrrERENCES BETWEEN THE Common and Arctic Foxes. 
The common fox is, as a rule, very considerably larger than the Arctic fox, 
but as small individuals may occur this difference is not always a safe criterion. 
There are, however, many differences in the skull. The skull of the common fox 
is the larger, and has the length of the jaws relatively greater in proportion to the 
size of the cranium, and hence the anterior premolars are more widely spaced than 
in the Arctic fox. On the other hand, the cranium of the common fox is somewhat 
narrower in proportion to its leneth than that of the Arctic fox, especially just 
behind the post-orbital processes. These tend to be longer in the common fox 
than in the Arctic fox. Scharff mentions that the length of m. 2 is somewhat 
greater in the common fox than in the Arctic fox, but this difference seems 
scarcely appreciable in the British Museum specimens. 
? Lycaon anglicus, Lyd. 
This name is applied by Lydekker * to a left mandibular ramus from the Sprit- 
sail Tor cave, Gower, which was originally described and figured by Falconer ® 
under the name of “ hyzenoid wolf.” The specimen was subsequently fully des- 
1 com 
he Geology of the Country around Salisbury,” ‘Mem. Geol. Surv. of England and Wales,’ 
1903, p. 68. 
2 «Proc. Bristol Nat. Soc.,’ 4th ser., i, pt. 3, p. 186, 1907 (issued for 1906). 
3 “Trans. Roy. Irish Acad.,’ xxxiii, B., pt. 1, p. 48. 
* “Geol. Mag.,’ dee. iti, i, 1884, p. 443, 
* * Pal. Mem.,’ ii, pl. xxxvi, figs. 1, 2. 
