PRAT Wal: 
PLEISTOCENE CANID&. 
Vertebre. 
(Natural size.) 
Fia. 
1 
1 
1 
13 
il 
ii 
1 
1. Atlas, Wolf (Canis lupus), Oreston, ventral view. 
oy > 
ms | 2, Axis; 3, fifth cervical; and 4, first thoracic; Wolf (Canis lupus), Durdham 
| Down, all seen from the left side. 
5. Sacrum, Wolf (Caiis lupus), Oreston, ventral view. 
All the above are preserved in the Bristol Museum. 
6. Atlas, posterior view ) 
= : : | 
7. Axis, seen from left side | 
8. Third cervical, posterior view p Coe Fox (Canis vulpes). 
9, Fourth cervical, posterior view 
0. Fifth cervical, seen from left side J 
The above are from the Pleistocene of the Ightham fissure, near Maidstone, 
and are preserved in the collection of Dr. F. Corner, F.G.S., of Poplar. 
1. Seventh cervical, seen from left sue) 
2. First thoracic, posterior view 
3. Seventh thoracic, seen from left side } Arctic Fox (Canis lagopus). 
4, First lumbar, seen from right side 
5. First free caudal, posterior view ; 
The above are also from the Ightham fissure, and are preserved in the 
collection of Mr. W. J. Lewis Abbott, F.G.S. 
6. Sacrum, Common Fox (Canis vulpes), Durdham Down, dorsal view, Bristol 
Museum. 
a. Neural spine. 
b. Neural canal. 
c.  Pre-zygapophysis. 
d. Post-zygapophysis. 
e. Vertebrarterial canal. 
f. ‘Transverse process. 
g. Hypapophysis. 
h. Metapophysis. 
i. Surface for articulation with head of rib. 
j. Nerve foramina. 
ik. Surface for articulation with condyle of cranium. 
l. Posterior articular surface. . 
m. Odontoid process of axis. 
