FROM THE CORALLINE OOLITE. 347 



ii, fig. 12, and by Lister* (tab. 7, fig. 2G), refers to this species or B. clunicularis, in 

 consequence of the omission of the anal valley in these figures, on which the true specific 

 character strictly depends. Down to a very recent date, the two forms have been confounded 

 with each other, although, when critically examined, the differences are very evident. The 

 stratigraphical distribution of the two species is moreover well defined, E. clunicularis 

 ranging from the superior zone of the Inferior Oolite to the Cornbrash, whilst E. scutatus 

 is limited to the Calcareous Grit and other subdivisions of the Coral Rag. The abundance 

 of this nucleolite in the Calcareous Grit near Oxford makes it highly probable that this was 

 the form the older authors above cited had in view in their respective works. Lang'sf 

 " Echinites Cordatus quaternis radiis c duplici serie transversarum lineorarum conflatis" 

 (tab. 35, fig. I), probably represents a bad specimen of this urchin, in which the single 

 ambulacrum had been obliterated. The specimen is described as being very rare, and 

 was found in the hills around Baetstein and Luggeren. Leske'sj figure of Spatant/us 

 depressus (tab, 51, fig. 1) apparently represents a quadrate depressed variety of this 

 species, but in consequence of the anal valley being filled up with matrix, the true 

 specific character is concealed. Many authors are of opinion that the figure of Goldfuss§ 

 does not represent the true Lamarckian Scutatus, and Desmoulins has proposed to separate 

 it, under the name Goldfussii ; but after having studied a large number of individuals 

 collected at Trouville, I have found many specimens with which the figure of Goldfuss 

 entirely agrees. A sufficient margin has not been allowed for the varieties which the same 

 species exhibits when obtained from different localities. M. Agassiz's || figure of this 

 nucleolite is very good, and represents, 1 think, the true type form of the species. This 

 author participates in the opinion expressed by Desmoulins, in reference to which he says — 



" En revanche je pense avec M. Desmoulins que Goldfuss a identifie h. tort Pespece qu'il 

 a decrite sous le nom de N. scutatus, avec le N. scutatus de Lamarck, dont nous nous 

 occupons en ce moment. Ce dernier en effet n'affecte nuUement cette depression de la 

 face superieure postcrieure qui est tres saillante dans les figures de Goldfuss ; c'est au 

 contrare a la face anterieure qui est la plus inclinee.'' " Afin de destinguer ]qN. scutatus. 

 Lam., du N. scutatus, Goldf. (qui n'a point encore ete trouve en Suisse), M. Desmoulins a 

 donne a ce dernier le nom dc N. Goldfussii."^ 



Professor Edward Forbes** considered this species as a variety of N. clunicularis, and 

 described it as " Var. a major, suh-depressa, lata, lateribus, tumidiusculis. Spat ant/us 

 depressus, Leske, ap. Klein, p. 238, t. 51, fig. 12 (copied in 'Enc. Meth.,' pi. 157, figs. 



* 'De Lapidibus Turbinates,' cap. ii, titulus xxvi. 



t ' Historia Lapidum Figuratorum Helvctite,' tab. 35, p. 119. 



X ' Additaraenta ad Kleinii Echinodermata,' p. 238, tab. 51, figs. 1, 2. 



§ ' Petrefacta Germanise,' tab. 43, fig. 6. 



II ' Ecliinodermes Fossiles de la Suisse,' tab. vii, figs. 19 — 21. 



^ Ibid., partie premiere, p. 4G. 



** 'Memoirs of the Geological Survey, decade 1, pi. ix. 



