84 BRITISH FOSSIL CORALS. 



Genus Thecosmilia, (p. xxvi.) 



Thecosmilia annularis. Tab. XIII, figs. 1, la, \b, \c, Id; and Tab. XIV, figs. 1, 



la, Id, Ic, Id. 



Madkepoka, W. Smith, Strata identified by organic remains, p. 20, figs. 1, 2, 3, 181G. 



(Good figures.) 



— Parkinson, Organic remains, vol. ii, tab. v, fig. 5, 1820. 

 Caryophyllia, Conybeare and W. Phillijjs, Geol. of England, p. 188, 1822. 



— annulakis, Fleming, British Animals, p. 509, 1828. 



— CYLINDRICA, /. FMUips, Illustr. of the Geol. of York., part i, p. 12G, tab. iii, 



fig. 5, 1829; and 2d edition, p. 98. (Incomplete figure.) 

 Cabyophyllcea, R. C. Taylor, Mag. of Nat. Hist., vol. iii, p. 2/1, fig. g, 1830. (Rough 



figure.) 

 Caryophyllia cylindrica and C. annularis, S. Woodward, Synopt. Table of Brit. Org. 



Remains, p. 6, 1830. 

 LiTHODENDRON ANNULARE, Keferstein, Naturg. des Erdkorpers, vol. ii, p. 785, 1834. 

 Caryophyllia annularis and Lithodendron trichotomum, Morris, Cat. of Brit. Fossils, 



pp. 32, 40, 1843. 

 Thecosmilia cylindrica and T. trilobata, Milne Edwards and /. Haime, Monogr. des 



Astreides, Ann. des Sc. Nat., s. iii, vol. x, pp. 2/1-2, 1848. 

 Lobophyllia trichotoma, M'Coy, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., s. ii, vol. ii, p. 419, 1848. 

 Thecosmilia annularis, Milne Edwards and J. Haime, Polyp, des Terr. Palseoz., &c., 



loc. cit., p. 77, 1851. 



Corallum composite, dendroid, very tall, its branches in general cylindrico-turbinate 

 and not spreading much. In most instances of fissiparous multiplication, the calice 

 becomes divided only into two parts, one of which rather abruptly bends out and remains 

 short, whilst the other continues ascending and grows much more; so that the calices 

 which take their origin from the same point are placed at very unequal heights, and thence 

 a general form, the aspect of which is very different from that of most species of the same 

 genus, and more especially of ThecosmiUa trichotoma, where all the twin corallites grow to 

 the same height, and the corresponding calices are situated on the same level. But this 

 peculiar disposition does not become well marked till the corallum has attained a certain 

 size, and in young specimens not only the first parent calice often becomes multilobate, but 

 those of the second generation thus formed grow up in a uniform manner, and often in their 

 turn give birth to more than two individuals. The general aspect of the small compound 

 coral so formed, is, therefore, very different from that of the adult specimens, and in 

 order to recognise their specific identity, it is necessary to compare a great number of these 

 fossils. We have of late been able to make this comparison, but when we published om* 

 Monograph of the Astreida3 wc had not before us sufficient materials for so doing, and we 

 were therefore unable to recognise that identity. Thus the fossil which we designated by 



