Maryland Geological Survey 357 



line; a pair of enlarged hook-shaped dermal scutes at the base of the tail, 

 one on either side of the caudal pedicle. 



" The crauial osteology of Enchodus is best known from the specimens 

 occurring in the English and Dutch Chalk; the trunk and fins are only 

 satisfactorily shown in the nearly complete fishes obtained from the 

 Upper Cretaceous of Westphalia and Mount Lebanon." — Smith Wood- 

 ward, 1901. 



About 30 so-called species have been referred to this genus. The records 

 include the Turonian or Senonian of England, Belgium, Westphalia, 

 Saxony, Bohemia, and Syria ; the Maestrichtian of Holland ; the Niobrara 

 and Fox Hills of the Bocky Mountain province and various horizons in the 

 Upper Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. 



Enchodus dirus (Leidy) 



Tlate IX, Eigs. 3-5 



Phasganodus dirus Leidy, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vol. ix, p. 167. 

 Phasganodus dirus Leidy, 1873, U. S. Geol. Survey Terr., vol. i, p. 289, pi. 



xvii, figs. 23, 24. 

 Phasganodus dirus Cope, 1874, Bull. TJ. S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey Terr., 



vol. i, no. ii, p. 43. 

 Phasganodus dirus Cope, 1875, U. S. Geol. Survey Terr., vol. ii, p. 277. 

 Enchodus dirus Stewart, 1900, Univ. Geol. Survey, Kansas, vol. vi, pt. ii, 



p. 376. 

 Enchodus dirus Smith Woodward, 1901, Cat. Fossil Fishes Brit. Museum, 



pt. iv, p. 204. 

 Cimolichthys dirus Hay, 1902, Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey, No. 179, p. 390. 



Description. — The Maryland occurrence is based on the anterior part 

 of a dentary 6.5 cm. in length, showing a large part of the anterior tooth 

 on the alveolar border, 1.3 cm. from the front of the symphysis; and the 

 base of a second large tooth 2.75 cm. distant from the first and 5 cm. from 

 the symphysis. A very much reduced tooth is situated immediately 

 behind the first, and there are traces of a second back of it. The first and 

 largest tooth is much enlarged at the base and coalescent with the 

 mandible. It curves considerably forward and slightly inward, and has an 

 estimated length of 3.5 cm. The upper third is broken away. The tooth 



