Plate LXXIII. 



TURDUS CROTOPEZUS. 



aiCHTENSTEIN'S THRUSH). 



Turdus crotopeziis 



Turdus alhicollis 



Licht. Doubl. p. 38 (1823). 



Mas. Beitr. iii. p. 646(1831). 



Cab. Mus. Ilein. I. p. ^. 



Sclater, P.Z.S. 1859, p. 327, et Cat. Am. B. p. 3. 



Spix, Av. Bras. i. p. 71, t. 70. 



Olivaceo-Lrunueus, pileo obscuriore, Cauda cineraceo-nigricante : subtus pallida cinereus, gula dense nigro striata ; 

 pliiga subgutturali et ventre medio cum criso pure albis, lateribus fulvescentibus ; subalarilms pallide cinnamomeis : 

 rostri ma.^illa cornea, mandibula flara : pedibus pallide camels : long, tota S'5, alas 4.4, caudjB 3'3, tarsi 1'2. I'em. 

 mari similis aed coloribus paulci obscurioribus. 



Hah. in Brasil merid. orient, prov. Bahiensi. 



This Thrush has been frequently confounded with Turdus leucomelas figured in our last 

 plate, from which, however, it is readily distinguishable by the brownish olive back, and the 

 pure white neck-spot and belly. But it is a much more difficult task to differentiate it from 

 some forms of its variable northern representative Turdus tristz's^ under which denomination we 

 propose to unite the birds hitherto called Turdus assimilis^ and T. leucauclien.^ as well as the 

 Merula tn'sti's^ of Swainson. As a general rule, as Dr. Cabanis remarks, the Brazilian s]^ ecies 

 may be dist'.nguished by the dee|) olive-brown tinge of the upper surface, but in two skins of 

 Turdus tristis, obtained in the highlands of Guatemala, near Dueilas, nearly the same colour is 

 exhibited on the back, though these birds are easily distinguishable from their southern ally 

 by the darker colouring of the chest and flanks. 



Turdus crotopezus was first shortly described by Lichtenstein, in his '' list of duplicates of 

 the Berlin Museum," published in 1823. Through Dr. Peters' kindness, in lending us the type- 

 specimen, we have been able to ascertain positively that the Bahian bird characterized by 

 that author as the male of his T. crotopezus (No. 436) is of the same s])ecies as the specimen 

 now figured, although Azara's "■ Grive hlanche et noirrdtre^'' (i.e. T. leucomelas) is referred to 

 as being identical with it. Lichtenstein's " T. crotopezus fem." (No..437,) niay probably be the 

 true T. leucomelas. 



* It seems certain that this is the only Mexican species to which Swainson's short description (Phil. Mag. 1827, 

 p. 339,) is applicable. Dr. Cabanis' Turdus tristis, Mus. Hein. I. p. 4, the "type-specimen of which Dr. Peters has 

 lately sent to us for comparison, is, in our opinion, merely a somewhat lighter-coloured example of the bird described 

 by Dr. Cabanis in the same note as Tardus assimilis. This, as we learn from a MS. note on the label, is now also 

 Dr. Cabanis' view. 



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