Plate LXXVI. 



TURDU8 GYMNOPHTHALMUS. 



(NAEED-EYED TERUSH). 



Tiirclus gymnoplithalmus . . . Cab. in Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 665 (ISiS). 



Sclater, P.Z.S. 1859, p. 329, et Cat. Am. B. p. 4. 



Lafr. Eev. Zool. 1848, p. 4. 



Leotaud, Ois. Trin. p. 201. 



Temm. Mus. Lugd. 



Bp. Consp. p. 272 (1850). 



Turdus nuiigenis 

 Tardus gymnopsis 



Supra-fuscescenti-cineraceus olivaceo vix tinctus : orbitis late nudis : subtiis sordide cineraceus, gutture albescento, 

 fusco striate ; ventre medio et erisso albis ; subalaribus pallide cinnamomeis : rostro flavo, ad basin fuscescente, pedibus 

 corjlinis : long, tota 9'0, alte 4'5, caudfe 3'8, tarsi 1.2. 



Sab. Venezuela in vicin. urbis Caraccas {Salle) : ins. Trinitatis (Leofaud) : Tobago (Kirk) : Guiana Brit. 

 {Schombw7-ylc) : Surinam {Hering, in Mua. Acad. Phil.) : Nov. Granada int. (Mus. (?. N. Laiorence). 



For our first knowledge of tliis Thrush we are also indebted to the exertions of 

 Dr. Eichard Schomburgk, who obtained it during his travels in British Guiana in 1840-44. 

 In his description of these specimens Dr. Cabanis informs us that the Berlin Museum possesses 

 examples of the same species from Cayenne, La Guayra, and Caraccas. About the same period, 

 specimens from the latter locality reached the well-known French Ornithologist, the late 

 Baron F. de Lafresnaye, who described the species as Turdus nudigenis. Though Lafresnaye 

 does not mention this fact, we believe that these skins were collected (along with those of 

 Turdus atrosen'ceus and T. olivater, described in the same article), by ]\L Auguste Salle, on the 

 pountain ridge, between La Guayra and Caraccas. Two years subsec[uently, Prince Bonaparte 

 gave the species the third name; of Turdus gymnopsis — a manuscript term, which had been attached 

 to specimens of it in the Leydeh Museum by Temminck. Prince Bonaparte gives its locality as 

 " Brazil," but we do not believe it really occurs so far south in i\.merica. The only continental 

 localities for it we can add to those already enumerated, are Surinam and the interior of New 

 Granada. From the former country, specimens have been sent by Mr. Hering to the Museum 

 of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia ; and from the latter, Mr. George N. 

 Lawrence, of New York, has received skins of undoubted " Bogota" make. Besides this, it 

 certainly occurs in the islands of Trinidad and Tobago. In the latter island, Mr. Kirk obtained 

 -it, and sent examples to Sir AY. Jardine. In Trmidad, M, Leotaud tells us it is common 

 everywhere, and permanently resident ; being, however, most frequently met with in the 

 vicinity of habitations. It feeds in flocks, principally on berries, and in the evening irakes its 



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