Z HI, C. Schunke.—The Transkeian Territories: [Jan. 28, 
the base of the main range ; on its coast side it is bounded almost 
throughout by a secondary range of mountains which has an abrupt 
and steep incline towards the first and lower terrace. The outer 
edge of the first terrace, though well defined, is not bounded by a 
distinct range of mountains. The coast region is exceedingly rugged 
and broken; froin the border of the first terrace ridges incline 
towards the coast, and deep down, flanked often by high precipices 
on either side, the rivers flow in tortuous courses seawards. The 
scenery is pleasing, there is a wild and romantic alternation of 
swelling hills and deep gorges and of rolling grass-lands, forest 
and jungle. In width the coast-lands rarely exceed twenty miles. 
The first terrace is less rugged than the coast region, it presents: 
the appearance of an open undulating grass country. As one 
approaches the upper terrace the land becomes however more 
mountainous, and where it is intersected by the larger rivers its’ 
valleys are deep and narrow with steep precipitous declivities, 
The scenery is on the whole less attractive. 
The upper terrace is also undulatory in its nature, its scenery is- 
delightful, the mountains towering above its level are grand and 
majestic, and in winter when covered with snow cannot be surpassed: 
by anything in South Africa. The Main range is called the Drakens-- 
bergen or Kathlamba Mountains, and it continues under this name 
beyond East Griqualand as far as the Verzamelbergen on the North- 
Eastern boundary of Natal. 
Its culminating points lie beyond our area, near the sources of 
the Tugela and Bushmans Rivers in Natal. 
Near the sources of the Umzimvubu the range is almost one 
hundred miles distant from the coast, from there it extends for 
seventy miles south-west to the sources of the Tina River, thence: 
for fifty-five miles south-west by south as far as the sources of. 
the Inxu and Xuka Rivers; in this part it rises boldly to a relative 
altitude of 4,000 feet above the upper terrace or to an altitude of 
over 8,000 feet above sea level. Many prominent peaks tower above 
the crest of this magnificent mountain range, such as the Twins, 
the Newton Peak, Mount Huxley, Benlomond or Snow Peak and 
the Kathlamba Peak. Atthe sources of the Xuka River the range— 
here but eighty-five miles distant from the coast—deflects and tends- 
westwards for twenty-seven miles to the Washbank Peak and then 
southwards for seven miles to the Xalanga Peak near the sources- 
of the Indwe River. From the sources of the Xuka the range falls- 
