1891. | Their Physical Geography and Ethnology. Ss 
it is impossible to form any comprehension of the grand and 
wondrously wild and romantic scenery. The grandeur of the noble 
lofty hills clothed with the densest woods which overlook the 
enormous gap can hardly be surpassed. At every bend of the valley 
some new and striking feature meets the eye, now precipices rise 
steep and sheer to more than 1,000 feet above the surface of the 
water, sumptuously draped to their tops with dense bush, so that no 
glimpse of rock appears ; now forbidding cliffs lift their heads from 
out of the dark leafy deeps ; then pleasant grassy spurs slant down 
to the river side, with knobs—sometimes bush-topped—rising above 
their sharp ridges, and at the bottom of the valley the magnificent 
river winds steadily along in wide curves. It is a magnificent 
picture which the river presents with its bright, clear and deep 
reaches of water, overshadowed by gigantic walls and dark forest- 
tracts. Wherever you look the valley has a grand and imposing 
aspect. 
Within the memory of living men Kaffraria abounded in wild 
animals, like most other parts of South Africa. It is not surprising 
that with a large influx of natives from one side and the arrival of 
the white man from the other the game should have become very 
scarce. ‘The Upper Terrace, at one time called Nomansland, retained 
its riches in wild animals, especially of antelopes, until very lately. 
In the Drakensberg and Zuurberger, as also along the precipitous 
valleys of the large rivers, sev2ral species of baboons are found and 
the forests of the coast region abound in monkeys. Of antelopes, . 
the principal remaining species are the bushbuck in the forests, the 
rhebok on the mountain plateaus, the klipspringer in the Drakensberg, . 
and the oribe on the undulating open grass country. LElands are only 
found still on the almost inaccessible part of the main range of the 
Drakensberg, between the Kenigha head and the sources of the - 
Umzimvubu River. Elephants which were plentiful in the coast 
forests are now extinct. A few buffaloes are still supposed to exist 
in one of the Zuurberg forests ; hippopotami, about a dozen in all, 
are still found along the sea-coast in the marshy mouths of the 
smaller rivers between the Bashee and Port Grosvenor. The last 
lion in Kaffraria was seen in 1879 on the Hlankomo range, a spur 
of the Drakensberg, and one was killed, some two years before that, . 
at the Ingeli. Leopards and several kinds of tiger-cats still abound 
in the Drakensberg, in the forests of the Zuurbergen and the coast 
region. Of birds and reptiles there are none, as far as the writer’s 
