xxxvill The Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society 
starch grains from wheat and rice, which led him to conclude that the 
‘natives must have used wheat and rice, and therefore this cement must 
have been made after the arrival of white men in South Africa. 
Dr. Muir introduced the subject of Bushman paintings, and asked if 
anyone had studied the question of the pigments used by the Bushmen. 
He was of opinion that these paintings should be catalogued and pre- 
served. 
After some remarks by Mr. Justice BUCHANAN, 
Dr. Murr proposed that it be remitted to Council to consider what 
action should be taken in reference to the preservation of Bushman 
paintings and other Bushman remains. 
This was seconded by the PRESIDENT, and agreed to. 
The PRESIDENT then exhibited a number of slides of general astro- 
nomical interest, and gave a short comment on them. 
ORDINARY MONTHLY MEETING. 
Wednesday, March 1, 1893. 
Mr. L. PERINGUEY, F.E.S., Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The following letter was read from Mr. R. P. Impey, 7¢ Bushman 
paintings : 
‘Srr,—At a late meeting of the Philosophical Society I notice that 
Dr. Muir brought forward the subject of ‘Bushman Paintings.” <A 
very interesting subject, too. I have seen in different places a good 
many, but the one which surpassed all others I was shown by the late 
John Austin, whilst on a land commission in Mooirosi’s Country. It is 
on a tributary of the Buffalo River, which river empties itself into the 
Orange River. The paintings in this case are unique, inasmuch as 
there is one of an ox life size, and hundreds of others of many varieties 
of game and wild animals in all possible positions, such as running 
straight away, and coming straight on, and all remarkably well done. 
Besides the drawings of animals, there is the usual battle scene of one 
tribe with bows and arrows driving another tribe armed with spears or 
assegais. 
‘The pigment or paint used, I believe to be, for black, charcoal ; for 
white, chalk or white clay ; for all the other shades of light yellow to 
dark reddish-brown, a substance found in nodules of stone in which, on 
being broken open, is found a small cavity containing some kind of 
oxide of iron in an extremely fine powder, of all shades. That is, one 
may contain a powder of a yellowish colour, another of brown, and so 
