286 A NATURALIST IN MID-AFRICA. 



so are the very old people and young children, 

 while all who can be caught are carried off as 

 slaves. 



Ivory was also obtained either by barter or 

 by shooting ; and in former times, the slaves 

 would then carry the Arab trader's ivory to the 

 coast, where he would sell both the slaves and 

 the ivory, making a profit of about 300 per cent. 

 Or he would make himself Sultan of some territory 

 and have a very good time. Now the ammunition 

 dealing is illegal, and so is the slave-raiding. They 

 are in a bad way and, as Sefu told me at Ujiji, they 

 are eating their cloth, and when it is done, they 

 will return to the coast. 



In British East Africa Arabs are fortunately 

 absent except perhaps at Kabbarega's court, and 

 of course along the coast. In British ^Central 

 Africa they are, unfortunately, still powerful and 

 able to do great harm. All our enemies there, the 

 former Jumbe, Mponda, Makanjila, and Kawinga, 

 were backed up by coast men. If Mr. Commis- 

 sioner Johnston had followed the policy of Captain 

 Lugard instead of subsidising one of the most 

 powerful Arabised chiefs, they would probably be 

 also absent from his district, From Mr. John- 

 ston's report, however, I rind that he realises 

 that the " Arab must go." 



It is very unfortunate that we of all people 

 should be upholding the Sultan of Zanzibar 

 instead of crushing his domination out. More- 



