Notes on a Journey in German South-West Africa. 21 
vicinity also do some cultivation on the river banks, growing 
principally maize and pumpkins, which, with the milk from their 
cattle, form their principal food. 
The northernmost point of our journey was Omburo, a mission 
station about 18 miles north of Omaruru, about 4,000 feet above 
sea-level. The geological formation here, as in the vicinity of 
Omaruru, is still granitic, and I was told that the granite extends 
into Ovamboland. 
At Omburo a hot spring occurs in the river-bed on the upper side 
of a doleritic dyke which passes across the river. The temperature 
of the water we found to be 765°C. After returning to Omaruru 
we continued our journey in a south-east direction, towards Wind- 
hoek. About 15 miles from Omaruru we passed a hot spring, 
in limestone, at Omapyu. The temperature of the water is stated 
by Dr. Schinz to be 61°C. We had no opportunity of measuring it. 
Proceeding towards Okahaudja, a mission station 76 miles 
south-east of Omaruru and 4,000 feet above sea-level, the granite 
gradually disappears, giving place to mica-schist. Between 
Omaruru and Okahaudja some beautiful scenery is met with, hilly 
country alternating with level plain, and the winding river-bed not 
far off, with its extensive alluvial banks, in some parts overgrown 
and in other parts only scantily covered with beautiful forest trees. 
Here also several Herero encampments exist, with their small 
plantations of pumpkins, maize, corn, and tobacco. At Okahaudja 
the gardens were well cultivated, stocked with fruit and vegetables. 
Lucerne and cereals were found to be successfully grown here, and 
the grape-vine and fig-tree grew luxuriantly. 
Between Okahaudja and Windhoek the granite is completely lost 
sight of, mica-schist, quartz, and sandstone composing the principal 
rocks in this vicinity. 
Windhoek was reached ten days after leaving Omaruru, the 
distance covered being about 120 miles. This is the principal 
settlement in the country, being the seat of government and 
the largest commercial centre. The white population, excluding 
the military stationed here, did not exceed a couple of hundred 
at the time of our visit, but by immigration the number is rapidly 
increasing. The total white population in the Protectorate at the 
time of our visit was estimated at about 3,000. 
Windhoek lies about 5,000 feet above sea-level. It is situated in 
a narrow valley amongst hills of mica-schist. In the hills on the 
north side of the village there are five hot springs issuing from 
limestone. Relatively to each other these springs lie approximately 
in a straight line, at about the same height, and at intervals of a few 
