148 Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 
Swellendam Division ; but manifestly that is not its proper place, for 
it lies east of the Breede River and of the Witteberg beds which 
surround the village of Swellendam, and hence belongs to an area 
which, as we shall see, differs somewhat from the western part of 
the division. Compare in the diagram showing the composition of 
the various soils, this sample No. 160, with the others belonging 
to the western part of the district, namely, Nos. 153 to 159, and the 
difference becomes immediately apparent. The lime shows a definite 
preponderance over that of the other samples. It is the beginning 
of an increase which becomes much more noticeable as we go still 
further eastwards. This is clearly seen on the diagram in the 
case of all the samples from 161 up to 167 both inclusive. Nos. 
168 and 169, which of course belong to this part of the division, are 
again poorer, but they are also within reach of the sandstone 
formation just to the north. 
The potash, it will be noticed from the diagram, increases with 
the lime, though the ratio of increase is smaller. Strange to say, 
however, the amount of phosphoric oxide is apparently in inverse 
proportion to the amount of lime. The reason of this curious fact 
I have not been able to solve. These remarks apply only to the soils 
of the Caledon, Bredasdorp, and Swellendam Divisions. On coming 
to Riversdale we find, conjointly with an increase of phosphoric 
oxide, a fairly large increase of potash, while the lime is about the 
same as in the western portion of the Swellendam District. Still 
further east, in the division of Mossel Bay, three out of the four soils 
analysed showed an all-round improvement on the soils of the more 
westerly districts. 
It is almost to be expected that soils derived essentially from a 
sandstone formation can scarcely claim to be otherwise than poor. 
Only six such soils were analysed, all lying on sandstone, in the 
Caledon Division. Their analytical results are as follows :— 
° 
S) 6 | : Pa 
Name of Farm and No. 8 a3 5 8 a a ae 
of Sample. S 0s aS} a 3 2 ae 
OA = iF & | go 
Ay 
DivislIoN—CALEDON 
Field-Cornetcy: Bot and Palimniet 
Rwers 
PGi Wasj|estOnteln. «...0.00resdeeeseeene 1:27 | 6:43 | 0034 | -13 | 098 | 060 | :12 
Field-Cornetcy : Caledon 
NOG MGITOINOUVEL 2). s0ccasssceseeeteeeene 2:05 | 8°30 | 0081 | -19 | ‘080 | ‘078 | ‘077 
IS eewunelyye Park +... .tecscgsesene 1:49 | 5°81 | 0021 | 14 | -038 | :048 | ‘072 
