xl = Proceedings of the South African Philosophical Society. 
pink, and of Poecilocera Stali and P. calliparea orange. Poetasia 
rubro-ornata is not so conspicuously marked, but there are vermilion 
bars on the sides of the legs and abdomen which proclaim wrbi et orbi 
its unpalatableness to would-be devourers. As for Petasia spumans, 
an obese species very often met with around Cape Town, it is so well 
protected that it has lost the use of its wings: seize it and you will 
be greeted with such a volume of ill-smelling foam that you will 
regret having interfered with the animal. Among these locusts, pro- 
tection is secured by an evil smell and an evil taste. The young are 
still better protected; for, although they have no wings to display as: 
danger signals, they are streaked and banded in the most conspicuous 
manner. 
Among the bugs (HmmiprerRa) the scutellaridous Callcdea natalensis 
and C. dreget are azure blue, and have crimson bands above, and 
crimson spots laterally; Graptornis aulicus is a most conspicuous 
object. No one could fail to see Roscius tllustris, or Odontopus 
sexpunctatus. Here again the species are unpalatable, and emit a 
very pungent scent as a means of defence. But in addition to these, 
we have in the carnivorous series such brilliantly coloured species as 
the purple Cleptnia aculata, Glynumatophora submetallica, the dark 
blue Centraspis petersi, &e., which are certainly very conspicuous and 
yet do not emit any scent. Unless used for a lure, one wonders at. 
the utility of this colouration. 
It is, however, probably in the LepipoprErRa that warning colours. 
are most numerous. In this Order, perhaps more than in the others,. 
two quite different types of insects present such colours : 
(1) Insects which are genuinely unpalatable. These generally 
have a slow, lazy flight. | 
(2) Insects which are not themselves unpalatable, but which mimic 
the colours of some one or other of the nauseous varieties. 
In our neighbourhood we have a very common butterfly, Acrea 
horta, which is probably the slowest flier among all her South African 
congeners, also very slow fliers. So lazy, indeed, is her flight that 
while on the wing she can, with a little care, be captured by the hand. 
This species belongs to an unpalatable race. <Acrea rahira, which 
mostly frequents damp places where mint grows, is not a very much 
better fler. It is also a nauseous prey; experiments have been 
made by me with fowls and cage-birds, which went to prove it. 
Among the ‘“ Clear Wings,”’ Syntonus cerbera, conspicuous enough in 
our neighbourhood owing to the colour of its body and wings, hardly 
flutters at all, and is caught by hand without difficulty. The sump- 
tuous Huchromia lethe aud H, africana seem to have nothing else to 
