Proceedings of the South African Philosophical Society. liu 
salinity of the water, chiefly off the Cape Peninsula, at the surface 
and at every ten fathoms; (b) temperature observations taken daily 
for the years 1898, 1899, and 1900, at Robben Island in Table Bay, 
and at Roman Rock in Simon’s Bay; (c) a series of temperatures 
and salinities observed on a voyage between Table Bay and False 
Bay, and one between Table Bay and Cape Hangklip; (d) Current 
observations as shown by drift bottles; (e) Some evidences of the 
effect of great range of temperature on marine life near the Cape 
Peninsula. 
It was found from a consideration of the data that there exists 
westward of the Cape a great body of water of a higher temperature 
and specific gravity than that closer inshore, one series of observa- 
tions giving a temperature higher than any observed during the years 
1898-1900, either at Simon’s Bay or Table Bay. There was found 
to be also a great range in temperature and specific gravity at the 
same place at different times, and in neighbouring places at the 
same time. 
The temperatures observed at Table Bay and Simon’s Bay were 
compared and bearing on the currents gone into in detail. 
The drift bottles afford confirmatory evidence of the conclusion 
arrived at as to the presence and course of a branch of the Agulhas: 
current on the west coast, and afford also additional information as 
to the presence of various counter-currents, some of which may well 
be the cause of shipping disasters, and should, if for this reason 
~ alone, receive more minute investigation. 
Finally the bearing of the observations on the conditions of animal 
life was discussed and illustrated by various deposits, obviously of 
marine organisms, found in abundance to the south and west of the 
Cape Peninsula. 
Mr. EK. T. Lirrnewoop asked if any attempt had been made to 
obtain information as to the currents at different depths. 
Dr. i. B. FULLER suggested that the marked change of tempera- 
ture in the inshore waters might, when thoroughly known, as shown 
by Dr. Gilchrist’s observations, be of use to warn the navigator 
approaching the land during fog, and so help to prevent such 
disasters as that of the Tantallon Castle. 
Mr. SYDNEY CoWPER trusted that the result of such careful obser- 
vations would be a practical one, tending towards great piscatorial 
development in Cape waters, and asked Dr. Gilchrist if he could now 
give any information under this head. 
Mr. Henry DE Smipt said it was scarcely to be hoped that Dr. 
Gilchrist could already give definite information on this question of 
fish migration, though every one knew that during recent years there. 
