276 Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 



Oudenodon there are apparently five carpalia, in Opisthoctenodon 

 there is evidence of only four. To the radial side of the first digit 

 there is evidently a prepollex. It consists of a distal element lying 

 by the side of the first metacarpal, and with a broad distal end. A 

 small element which appears to support the metacarpal-like element 

 articulates with the radiale and first carpale apparently. A third 

 element lies to the radial side of the more proximal of the prepollex 

 elements. This third element, however, may have nothing to do 

 with the carpus. In the specimen the carpus is crushed into the 

 base of the skull, and owing to the small size of the specimen, and 

 the impossibility of doing much in the way of development, it is 

 difficult to determine whether this third bone belongs to the carpus 

 or is part of the crushed skull. I have figured it as it occurs. 



The metacarpals and phalanges are well developed and much 

 more slender than in Oudenodon. The fifth digit is not preserved. 

 There is a small portion of the fifth metacarpal, but whether the 

 portion is the remains of a well-formed digit or the whole of an 

 imperfect one the evidence does not show. 



Opisthoctenodon brachyops, n. sp. 



This new species is founded on a small skull which has for very 

 many years been in the collection of the South African Museum. It 

 is believed to have come from the Beaufort West District, but the 

 exact locality is uncertain. 



Though the specimen is badly weathered it is possible to make 

 out most of the characters. The orbits are fairly round, and look 

 more outwards than upwards. The post-orbital arches, though 

 slender, are more robust than in 0. agilis. The parietal region 

 is considerably broader than the frontal, and is moderately flat. 

 There is a large pineal foramen and a distinct pre-parietal bone. 

 The post-orbital bone forms almost the whole of the inner wall of the 

 temporal fossa. Posteriorly it meets the squamosal. The posterior 

 zygomatic portion of the squamosal is flat and directed outwards. 

 The anterior part of the squamosal extends forward to under the 

 orbit, but does not meet the maxilla. The jugal is well developed. 

 The maxilla is a strongly developed bone. In front of the lower 

 corner of the orbit is a distinct depression in the bone. The canini- 

 form process is situated almost immediately in front of the plane of 

 the orbit, and is very strong. 



The mandible is not well preserved, but in general structure it 

 agrees with Oudenodon. There are apparently four developed 

 teeth with replacing teeth developing on the inner side. There 

 is a distinct socket for at least some of the teeth. 



