10 PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



§ 4. Relation to other Species. — The next question to be considered is the relation of 

 Cervus Dawlcinsi to other cervine species. The only form with which I am able to bring 

 it into any kind of relation is the Cervus megaceros. If figs. 1 and 2 of Plate II be 

 compared with the antler of that species, it will be seen that the far larger and more 

 palmated form of the latter is outlined in the former. The back tine, d, is in the same 

 position in both, and the first tine, b. In the latter, however, the palmation extends 

 down from the crown as far as the second tine c, instead of stopping short at the fourth 

 tine, e, as in the former. It must also be noted that in the former the development of 

 a brow-tine is as irregular as in the case of the Reindeer, while it is constant in the 

 latter. I am, however, after taking all these points into account, unable to bring these 

 two forms into direct relation. Nor can I establish a relation between it and any other 

 species, recent or fossil. 



§ 5. Mange in Space and Time. — All the specimens described above are derived 

 from the pre-glacial Forest Bed of Norfolk, in the neighbourhood of Cromer. A frag- 

 mentary palm in the Collection of Mr. J. J. Colman, M.P., found near Lowestoft in a 

 continuation of the same strata extends its range to the borders of Suffolk. I have hitherto 

 been unable to identify it in the museums of France or Italy. As the evidence stands at 

 present, therefore, the Cervus Daivkinsi is a Deer which inhabited the valley of the 

 North Sea in the early Pleistocene age before the lowering of the temperature, which has 

 left its mark in the glacial phenomena of Northern Europe, and before the great 

 submergence during which Britain was represented by a cluster of islets which are now 

 the higher lands of the north and west of Scotland, of the Lake District, and Wales, of 

 the Pennine Chain, and of Devon and Cornwall. 



