CERVUS SAVINI. 



13 



teeth of hyaenas, so frequently seen on the antlers and bones of animals from the Pleisto- 

 cene caves. The second tine, c, and tine/ of fig. 3, have been gnawed off. This has pro- 

 bably been the work of the Hyaena spelma or cave variety of the H. crocuta, which has 

 been identified by Mr. E. T. Newton 1 and myself 2 as a Forest-bed species. 



§ 4. The Skull. — Four frontlets bearing antlers of the above type in the Norwich 

 Museum, one in the British Museum, three in the Collection of Mr. Backhouse, and two 

 in that of Mr. Crowfoot, present the following characters. The pedicles are set on at an 

 oblique angle to the plane of the frontals between the antlers ; the frontals are slightly 

 convex between the pedicles, and slightly concave or flattened on either side of the inter- 

 frontal suture on the forehead, down to the suborbital foramen on either side (PI. Ill, 

 fig. 5). They present the following measurements : 





Forest Bed, 

 Kessingland. 



Backhouse. 



Forest Bed, Norfolk, 

 Norwich Museum. 



British Museum. 



Frontals, pedicle to pedicle 



Surorbital foramen to surorbital 

 foramen 



30 



3-8 

 66 



10 

 50° 



30 



3-8 

 5-6 

 1-5 



50° 



3-2 

 3-8 



21 



6-5 

 11 













§ 5. The Relation of Cervus Savini to other species of Deer. — The antlers of Cervus 

 Savini differ from all fossil and recent forms with which I am acquainted, but are more 

 closely related to those of the Cervus Browni of Clacton, to be described in the next 

 chapter. They differ from those of the living Cervus dama in the palmation of the crown 

 being equally in front and behind, instead of being behind the main axis of the beam as 

 is normally the case with the latter. 



The antlers of C. Savini agree with those of C. Browni in the position of the brow- 

 tine and of tines 2 and 4 (PL III, figs. 8, 4), and in the relation of tine 3, d, to the 

 palmated crown. They also agree with it in the development of a fourth tine on the 

 anterior side between the second tine, c, and the crown, and in the general tendency 

 towards anterior palmation. They differ from it in being slightly less palmated, and in 

 the first and second tines being at a right or greater angle to the beam. The older 

 antlers also are much larger. These, however, are small points of difference of no great 

 weight in classification. 



1 'Geol. Mag.,' 1883. 



2 'Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, Lond.,' 1883. 



