GYMNOSPERMiE. 73 



Pinus Bailti, sp. nov. Plate XV, figs. 2, 5, 9; Plate XVII, fig. 4. 



Basaltic Formation, Ballypalady, Antrim. 



This species is far less abundant than the preceding. The cones are small, 

 elongate, cylindrical, slightly curved, fifty-three millimetres in length, sixteen millimetres 

 in diameter, without footstalks, obtuse at both ends, and composed of about sixty-five 

 or seventy scales. The heads of the scales are sub-hexagonal, very flattened, and without 

 any transverse keel or other ornament except an inconspicuous central umbo and some 

 slight longitudinal striae. The largest scale-head measures nine millimetres across and 

 eight millimetres in height, and the sizes diminish towards the extremities. The 

 shorter needles found at Ballypalady are in pairs and from five to eight centimetres in 

 length (PI. XVII, fig. 4), and, like the tufted branchlets (PI. XV, fig. 2) and the slender 

 branchlet (fig. 9), may belong to this species. 



The characters that serve to distinguish it from Pinus Plutonis are quite apparent, 

 and consist principally in the smaller number of scales that compose the cone, their 

 plain and flattened heads with inconspicuous ornament, and probably the shorter foliage. 

 Like many fossil species, this cone is much more cylindrical or less conical than existing 

 forms of the Pinaster section. I am unable to find any nearer living ally than Pinus 

 patula, of Mexico, but this agrees with the fossil simply in the cylindrical and obtusely 

 pointed form of the cone, and the almost unornamented scale-heads, but not in other 

 respects. 



No fossil at all resembling it has hitherto been described. It is relatively rare at 

 Ballypalady. 



Genus — Tsuga. 



The genus was defined by Carriere to receive certain species of Abies, characterised 

 by small cones with persistent scales, and flat, more or less two-rowed leaves. There 

 are but five existing species, and these are confined to North America and Asia, the best 

 known being perhaps Tsuga Sieboldii, of Japan, and the Indian Hemlock, and the 

 Canadian and the Californian Hemlock-spruces. They are handsome trees, growing at 

 considerable elevations and of large size, some reaching a height of 150 feet. No remains 

 of them had been found in any rocks within the scope of this work until the past winter, 

 when the specimens to be described were brought to light at Ballypalady in Antrim. 



