ee 
e 
A. D. Bache on Gulf Stream Explorations. 199 
almost entirely to the latter. principle, a it is — By apprying 
it to the utmost practicable extent (as in the c hit- 
worth and Armstrong projectiles), that the pment oka and 
most perfect accuracy can be obtaine 
The calibres in use have been a positive bar to the successful 
_ use of this principle in small arms. Borrowed from the yer 
b> smooth-bo at weapons, the adherence to them has caused a 
unnecessary increase of weight,* and made a loss of initial ines 
tly inevitable, with all the attendant evils of a highly curved tra- 
Jectory, and large deviation. 
‘Notwithstanding ” (says Wilcox) “the long time that has 
elapsed since the discovery of the rifle, its principle is not yet so 
well understood as to have led to the _peneral adoption of any 
particular form of 1 this arm as the best 
The above conclusion of the author of “ Rifles and Rifle Prac- 
tice,” will justify me, I wears in venturing to make the foregoing 
Buggestions on the subject 
New York, Dec. 15, 1859. 
Apr, XVIII.— Gulf Stream Ezxplorations—Third Memoir. Distri- 
of Temperature in the Water of the Florida Channel and 
ee; by A. D. BacuE, Sup’t. U. 8. Coast Survey.—With 
(Communicated by ng rs of the Treasury Department to the American Associ- 
n for the Advancement of Science.) 
The results of the explorations of the Gulf Stream in the sur- 
Yey of the Coast, have been communicated to the Association 
Fs aie to time, as ieusan of peculiar interest have been 
The aeepal 1 
plan of these explorations ha been carefully 
ged and having proved su 2 as s cack r been fcxtaed 
The more recent observations have been ted to that 
stream between es and Cape Florida, known as 
He channel and strait of Flori 
ve now to present Sah mio showing the ire and 
Tecate an this most important region of the Gulf Stream 
geese reel ts are from the observations of Commander B. ia 
riohae Lieut. Commanding T. A. Craven, U.S. Navy, As- 
m.the Coast Survey, whose names have already been 
— before the Association in connection with explora- 
spherical musket ball of ig calibre weighed 340 grains. The new 
te so ee ‘58 calibre weighs 500 grains, while still heavier balls are in 
e 
be 
3 
ag 
4 
| 
f 
Thus we see in use balls surpassing in weight the musket ball, and 
aren thes Knes the weight of the Swi Swiss ball described in the text, 
“anitied to be, practically, the best in 
