y a Casuarina on the east 
coast of the Bay of Bengal, and a Stylidium on the west. Not 
ee ee eee 
_ South temperate and even Antarctic zones; but scarcely one 
Antarctic species, or even* genus (Forstera, Calceolaria, Coloban- 
: Medi Gunnera, etc. etc.) advances north beyond the Gulf of 
iin, | 
These considerations quite preclude my entertaining the idea 
that the southern and northern floras have had common origin 
: Within comparatively modern geological epochs. On the con- 
‘ trary, the European and Australian floras seem to me to be es- 
ities, though fragments of the former are associated with the 
latter in the southern hemisphere. For instance, I regard the 
Indian plants in Australia to be as foreign to it, botanically, as 
the Scandinavian, and more so than the Antarctic; and that to 
er lengths the theory of variation may be carried, we 
cannot by it speculate on the southern flora being directly a de- 
Rvative one from the existing northern. On the contrary, the 
many bonds of affinity between the three southern floras, the 
Antarctic, Australian, and South African, indicate that these 
may all have been members of one great vegetation, which may 
ence have covered as large a southern area as the European now 
; orthern. It is true that at some anterior time these two 
* Acena is a remarkable exception. 
