•Mo THE ORCHID REVIEW. [November, 1921. 
season of rest but little is required. The temperature should be high in 
■ summer, 70 degrees being a good average, and the foliage must be shaded, 
for direct sunshine burns the leaves. During the winter period the plants 
will not require more than about 55 degrees, provided there is not much 
moisture in the atmosphere. 
Spiranthes autumnalis.— This pretty little British Orchid produces 
an erect spike of 6 to 8ins, around which the white and fragrant flowers 
are arranged in spiral form, hence the name. It is fairly common in Kent. 
In 1843 a field in the neighbourhood of Tunbridge Wells produced such an 
abundant supply that it could be gathered at almost every step, yet strange 
to say, in August of the following year, not a stem or leaf indicated that it 
had grown there (Webster, British Orchids). When paying a visit to the 
locality during the past month, the writer noticed several vigorous plants 
that had been potted up by Messrs. Armstrong and Brown and placed in 
the warm section of the Cypripedium house, where they appeared to be 
thoroughly enjoying the excessive heat and moisture. 
Pollination of Hajmaria Discolor.—A curious means of effecting 
pollination in Haemaria discolor is recorded by Mr. H. N. Ridley ( Journ. 
Linn. Soc. xxxii. p. 401). He states: “I have seen the flowers fertilised 
by a butterfly, viz., Plesioneura asmara. This insect, which has very long 
legs, settled on the spreading sepals and lip, and plunged its proboscis into 
the opening of the spur between the lip and column, which are closely 
oppressed together. While thus engaged, one pf its left legs struck against 
the viscid disc of the pollinia, which it withdrew, and which remained 
adhering to it. The column in this plant is so twisted to one side, that an 
insect seeking honey in the spur, could not, unless very large, touch the 
polhna with its head. The stigma is a projecting cushion placed a little 
below the anther-cap. The butterfly, after sucking the nectar for some 
seconds, darted suddenly to another flower, and struck with its leg the 
stigma implanting the pollinia on it; but as it immediately flew off again a 
portion only of the pollen adhered to the stigma. I caught another 
specimen at the flowers which bore the pollen masses firmly attached to the 
nght fore-foot. Haemaria seems to be specially adapted for butterfly 
fertilisation in several points. Unlike many Neottie®, it inhabits sunny rocks 
.near streams where butterflies are abundant. The flowers are showy and 
white, the colour of most of the butterfly-haunted flowers in the jungle; and 
the remarkable twist in the column and lip seem to be intended to ensure the 
visiting insect in striking the viscid disc and stigma with its legs.” Hiemaria 
-discolor is found on the islands lying off the east coast of Johore. The 
.natives, who deal in it, call it “ Daun Low,” i.e.. Sir Hugh Low’s leaf. 
