JuNE, 1922.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 165 
pollina have been removed. It is, however, regularly self-fertilised. How 
has this come about in a plant whose conspicuous flowers are evidently 
adapted to attract insects? It is a shade-loving plant, rarely seen except 
under the shelter of trees, and often growing in’ deep shadow. In the 
woods, however, the number of insects of suitable size is much more 
restricted than in the open. There was thus a danger of there not being 
enough insects to secure adequate cross-pollination. It has, therefore, 
acquired the power of self-fertilisation, but it should be carefully noted that 
this is 7x addition to, not in replacement of, the capability of cross-pollin- 
ation. It is a parallel case with that of Ophrys apifera, which has 
supplemented its original faculty of cross-pollination by adding to it that of 
self-fertilisation.” 
In concluding this most valuable addition to our knowledge of the 
fertilization of Orchids, Col. Godfery says: ‘‘ Cephalanthera presents a case 
of persistence to the present day of an extremely ancient method of cross- 
pollination, which possibly prevailed universally in the Orchidaceze (except 
in Diandrz) in the remote period before a rostellum had been evolved in 
that Order.” 
CEPHALANTHERA ENSIFOLIA. 
FRONT VIEW OF THE COLUMN OF (1) 
(2) C, GRANDIFLORA. (3) C. RUBRA+ 
J J AGNIFIED. 
A. ANTHER, P. POLLINIA, S. STIGMA, C. COLUMN. ALL MUCH M 
