366 K. STEPHENSEN. 
ZOOGEOGRAPHY. 
As stated in the Introduction (p. 231) the object of the expedition 
was to show that the fauna in the deeper portion of the fjords investi- 
gated was Atlantic, and not arctic in character, and as will be seen from 
the following, this has been fully proved to be the case. 
The method of arrangement is as follows; first all fjords together, 
with I, bottom organisms and II, Plankton; then each fjord taken sepa- 
rately, so as to determine the character of each. 
For the sake of convenience, I have followed the same order as 
in the zoogeographical section of my work on the Danmark expedition, 
to which I may refer. For the Echinodermata, reference may be made 
to Dr. Tu. MortTENSEN’s works in the “Danmark” Expedition (Meddel. 
om Grenland vol. 45) and on Gronlands Echinodermata (Conspectus 
Faunae Groenlandicae, ibid. vol. 23). 
I. Bottom Fauna. 
1. Aretic Deep-water species (> 200 m.). 
(K. StepHensen, Danmark-Exp., p. 565; K.St., Conspectus p. 417 — 
Tu. Mortensen, Danmark-Exp., p. 291; Th. M., Conspectus, p. 313). 
1A. Species endemic in the cold Polar deep of W. Greenland. 
(N. of abt. 66° N.). 
(K. St., Danmark-Exp., p. 566, 577; K.St., Conspectus, p. 417). 
Tu. MortENSEN, in the Danmark Exped. (p. 292—93) expresses 
the opinion that this area is not arctic, but Atlantic, which is entirely 
in opposition to the testimony of the Malacostracan fauna, even though 
some few Atlantic species may be found. The southern portion of this | 
polar deep (abt. 66° — abt. 71° N.) should doubtless be regarded mainly 
as a mixed region. Its arctic character has quite recently been distinctly 
demonstrated by Av. S. JEnsEN, from the distribution of Raia hyper- 
borea (Ap. S. Jensen; The Selachians of Greenland, Mindeskrift for 
Japetus Steenstrup, 1913, No. XXX, p. 37—39, Chart p. 38). 
1B. Species from the cold area of the Polar Ocean (N. of abt. 66°N.). 
(K. St., Danm.-Exped., p. 567; Conspectus p. 417). 
1C. Species common to Areas 1 A and 1B. 
K. St., Danm.-Exped., p. 570; Conspectus, p. 418). 
In Tu. Mortensen’s work quoted above, 12 species of Echinoder- 
mata are recorded from the great arctic deep of E. Greenland, the western 
portion not included (in the Conspectus only 8 species). 
To these must be added the following Echinodermata: 
Lophaster furcifer (Th. Mortensen, Conspectus, p. 355). 
Hathrometra prolixa (ibid. p. 372). 
The first-named species is not mentioned in the Danmark-Exped. 
the second, however, is in the passage quoted ascribed to the littoral 
