128 TWELFTH ANNUAL EEPORT. 



Expedition is not included because it is essentially restricted to the 

 marine species, the few descriptions of fresh-water species, being 

 quite valueless. Among important contributors to the exclusively 

 marine Copepoda, are Boek (Oversigt over Norges Copepoder and Nye 

 Slcegter og Arter af Saltvands-Copepoder)^ Brady and Robertson^ 

 Lubbock and Clans. 



The history of the American literature can be quickly traced. 



Say described imperfectly an American species of Cyclops in 1818. 

 Haldeman describes in vol. viii, of the Proc. of Phil a. Academy of 

 Science, p. 331, Cyclops setosa (which may be C. serrulatus). Pick- 

 ering very imperfectly described a new genus of copepods from lake 

 Ontario in Dekay's Zoology of New York. This genus is, most 

 likely, Epischura of Forbes and, in strictness, ought to rank it. In 

 1877 appeared "A List of Illinois Crustacea," by Prof. Forbes^ in 

 which two species of Copepoda were described which may rank as 

 the first descriptions at all adequately framed of American memberb 

 of the order. In the annual report of the Minnesota state geologist 

 for 1878, a brief article by C. L. Herrick outlined, in the light only 

 of the then English literature, the micro-erustacea of Minnesota. 

 No attempt was made to treat the Copepoda, but two species of 

 Diaptomus are indicated which will prove valid. Occasional papers 

 in the American Naturalist and elsewhere follow till, in July and 

 August of 1882, Prof. Forbes added two new genera and several 

 species of Copepods, constituting by far the most considerable addi- 

 tion to the subject yet produced. 



In the report of the state geologist of Minn, for 1881, C. L. Herrick 

 makes a considerable addition to the knowledge of American Cyclo- 

 pidae, enumerating ten species, of which six seemed new. This 

 writer also describes a new genus and several new species of Cala- 

 nidse, some of which unfortunately are identical with those described 

 by Forbes and published about simultaneously. 



Several articles in the Naturalist bring the bibliography up to 

 May, 1883, when F. W, Cragin published in the Trans. Kansas 

 Academy of Science, "A Contribution to the History of the Fresh- 

 water Copepoda.'' In this paper ten species of Cyclops are described 

 or mentioned. The author ignored previous American literature 

 and thus adds somewhat to synonomy. The plates are lithographic, 

 and are carefully, if not artistically, prepared. A valuable feature 

 is the translation of the descriptions of Poggenpol's species from 

 the Russian. 



These papers, together with the outline presented beyond, it is 

 hoped, will form a basis for future work. 



