HITCHCOCK REVISIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN GRASSES. 151 



Panicum colonum zonale L. H. Dewey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 502. 1894. Based 

 on Panicum, zonale Guss. 



/ Echinochloa colona zonalis Woot. & Standi. N. Mex. Coll. Agr. Bull. 81: 45. 1912. 

 Presumably based on Panicum zonale Guss., though no synonym is cited. 



Several other synonyms are given in works on European floras. 



DESCRIPTION. 



Plants annual, the larger ones usually much branched at base; culms prostrate- 

 spreading, ascending, or erect, usually 20 to 40 cm. long, glabrous, compressed; sheaths 

 glabrous, compressed; ligule wanting; blades rather lax, 5 to 10 cm. long, rarely longer, 

 3 to 6 mm. or rarely as much as 1 cm. wide, somewhat scabrous on the margins, occa- 

 sionally bearing transverse purple 

 bands (zonate) ; panicles 5 to 10 or 

 even 15 cm. long, the axis smooth or 

 slightly scabrous; racemes several, 1 to 

 2 cm. long or rarely longer, appressed 

 or ascending, single or occasionally two 

 approximate, the lower usually dis- 

 tant as much as 1 cm., the rachis tri- 

 angular-flattened, scabrous; spikelets 

 about 3 mm. long, crowded, nearly ses- 

 sile, in about 4 rows; second glume and 

 sterile lemma short-pointed but not 

 awned; fruit about 2.5 mm. long, short- 

 pointed. 



In this species the spikelets are 

 merely pointed and not awned, but in 

 all other respects it agrees with the 

 concept of the genus. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



Ditches and moist places in the 

 warmer parts of both hemispheres; in- 

 troduced in America, where it is a com- 

 mon weed. 

 New Jersey: On ballast, Camden, 



Martindale in 1879. 

 Pennsylvania: On ballast, Girard 



Point, Philadelphia, Martindale in p IG 35 . 



1879. 

 Missouri: Carruthersville, Hitchcock in 1904. 

 Virginia: Virginia Beach, Kearney 2049. 

 North Carolina: Eastern North Carolina, Mc Car thy in 1885. 

 South Carolina: Santee Canal, Curtiss 3611. Aiken, Ravenel in 1869. 



Amer. Gr. Nat. Herb. 425. 

 Georgia: Athens, Harper 113. Camilla, Tracy 4571. Stone Mountain, Hitchcock in 



1905. 

 Florida: Marco, Hitchcock 475. Alachua County, Combs 691, 729. Little River, 



Eaton 472. Monticello, Combs 315. Tallahassee, Kearney 84; Nash 2337; Combs 



389. Quincy, Combs 410. Chipley, Combs 539c. Apalachicola, Biltmore Herb. 



794b. Chattahoochee, Curtiss 5999. Milton, Chase 4315. Hillsborough County, 



Fredholm 6358. 

 Tennessee: La Vergne, Eggert 73. Knoxville, Ruth in 1895; Scribner in 1889. 



Nashville, Gattinger in 1878; in Curtiss N. Amer. PI. 3583*. 

 Alabama: Birmingham, Hitchcock in 1898. Mobile, Mohr in 1879; Kearney 66. 



Tuskegee, Carver 85. Eieliiin,. McCarthy in 1888. 



-Echinochloa colonum. 

 Texas. 



From Bentley in 1S99, 



Orangeburg, 



