HITCHCOCK REVISIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN GRASSES. 163 



folium foliis liratis " which Aublet cites as a synonym. Aublet further rites Milium 

 latifolium sulcatum Plum. mss. 4. t. 105. Lamarck : gives a more complete descrip- 

 tion, citing Plunder's Catalogue and the manuscript plate (105), and P. sulcatum 

 Aubl. He states that the plant grows in Martinique where it was observed by Plu- 

 nder, and that he has seen the specimen in Vaillant's herbarium. Urban 2 states 

 that the species agrees with "Codex Boerh. II. tab. 641," a manuscript work. Urban 

 unites with Panicum sulcatum the specimens which in this article are referred to 

 Chaetochloa palmifolia. 



Panicum paniculiferum Steud. Syn. PI. Glum. 1: 54. 1854. "Oaxaca." The type 

 specimen has not been definitely located. Galeotti's no. 5858 from Oaxaca, the only 

 collection cited by Fournier under Setaria paniculifera, is in the Paris Herbarium. 

 This specimen, which may be the type of Panicum ■paniculiferum, consists only of 

 the inflorescence and a fragment of the culm ; the lower panicle branches are as much 

 as 20 cm. long, and the branchlets are appressed or ascending. 



Setaria effusa Fourn. Mex. PL 2: 42. 1886. Several specimens from Veracruz and 

 Oaxaca are cited, the first being Bourgeau 2599, from Orizaba. This specimen has 

 spreading branches and branchlets, with less crowded spikelets and rather fewer 

 bristles. Hitchcock's no. 6380 from Orizaba has a like panicle. These represent 

 only an extreme form, connected by intergrades with the less open, more bristly 

 form represented by Galeotti's no. 5858. 



Setaria paniculifera Fourn. Mex. PL 2: 42. 1886. Based on Panicum paniculiferum 

 Steud. 



Chamaeraphis effusa Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL 2: 770. 1891. Based on Setaria effusa 

 Fourn/ 



Chamaeraphis paniculifera Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL 2: 770. 1891. Based on Panicum 

 paniculiferum Steud. 



Chamaeraphis sulcata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL 2: 770. 1891. Based on Panicum 

 sulcatum Aubl. 



Panicum mexicanum Scribn. & Merr. U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 21: 40. 

 1900. Based on Setaria effusa Fourn. 



Chaetochloa sulcata Hitchc. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 17: 260. 1913. Based on 

 Panicum sulcatum Aubl. 



DESCRIPTION. 



Plants perennial; culms robust, as much as 4 meters tall, glabrous, the nodes 

 glabrous ; sheaths papillose-hispid all over or only at the margin, hispid on the collar ; 

 ligule a ciliate membrane 1 to 2 mm. long; blades flat, strongly plicate, somewhat 

 scabrous, as much as 1 meter long and 10 cm. wide at the middle, tapering toward 

 each end, the lower into a long petiole-like base; panicles green or purplish, often 

 very large, as much as 70 cm. long, the branches ascending, finally spreading, as much 

 as 20 cm. long, these branching and rebranching, the panicle often becoming loose 

 and open, the axis somewhat scabrous, the branches strongly scabrous-pubescent; 

 spikelets usually loosely arranged, elliptic-lanceolate, about 3 mm. long, obscurely 

 nerved, scabrous-pubescent, the flexuous bristles as much as 15 mm. long; first 

 glume nearly half as long as the spikelet, obtuse, 3 to 5-nerved; second glume about 

 two-thirds as long as spikelet, acutish, 5 to 7-nerved; sterile lemma about as long as 

 the fertile, acute, 5-nerved, the palea narrow, shorter than the lemma; fertile lemma 

 acute, slightly apiculate, closely but distinctly transverse-rugose, the palea inclosed 

 to the tip. 



1 Encyl. 4: 746 bis. 1798. 2 Report. Nov. Sp. Fedde 16: 148. 1919. 



