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daily, of rice put in the palm of his hand. Having, for a con- 

 siderable time, remained in this state of probation, he attains the 

 third degree of Nirvana; he then lays aside even rags; and, being 

 perfectly naked, he eats, once every second day, of rice, put by 

 others in the palm of his hand; carrying about with him the clay 

 pot, and a bundle of peacock's feathers. It is the business of his 

 disciples to pull out his hairs; and he is not to walk, or move 

 about, after the sun sets. He is now called by the dignified title 

 of Nirvan, and the Jainas worship him as god of their tribe, in 

 the like manner as the images, which they worship in their temples, 

 of their ancient Nirva?is or Guroos. 



" The other Jainas, who have not entered into these religious 

 vows, are obliged to abstain from the following things, viz. eating 

 at night, slaying an animal; eating the fruit of those trees that 

 give milk, pumpkins, young bamboo plants; tasting honey or 

 flesh; taking the wealth of others; taking by force a married 

 woman; eating flowers, butter, cheese; and worshipping the gods 

 of other religions. To abandon entirely the abovementioned, is 

 to be a proper Jaina. The Jainas, even the young lads, never 

 taste honey, as it would occasion expulsion from their caste; they 

 never taste intoxicating liquors, nor any other forbidden drink." 



Such are the penances and privations among the Jainas; in 

 Dhuboy I had occasion to witness a thousand similar austerities 

 of the devotees who frequented its sacred shrines: but I never 

 saw one like the Brahmechary; an account of whom, with his por- 

 trait reclining on a bed of iron spikes, was communicated by Mr. 

 Duncan, the present governor of Bombay, to the Asiatic Society. 



This wretched fakeer is described as fixing himself on his ser-sejn, 

 vol. II. as 



