44 LOPHOTEIOKCHIS KIENERI. 



culrnen 1-2 ; win" 17'0 to 17-5 ; tail 1O0 to 12-5 ; tarsus 3 - ; mid too 2-3, its claw (straight) 1-18 ; inner claw 1-5 ; 



height of bill at cere 0-65. Expanse 50-0. 

 An example from Sarawak in the British Museum, marked $ , has the wing 13-0 and the tail 7'5. 

 Iris dark brown ; cere yellow, in some greenish yellow ; bill black, plumbeous at base ; feet yellow ; eyelid greenish 



yellow. 

 Lores head, crest, back and sides of neck, upper surface, and wings dark blackish brown, almost black ; crest of three 



or four stiflish, ovate feathers from 2-2 to 2-5 inches in length ; inner webs of primaries (in the longer ones to the 



notch) whitish, crossed with narrow blackish bars ; inner webs of secondaries more dusky, similarly barred ; tail 



blackish brown, crossed with six or seven narrow smoky-browu but indistinct bars ; in some examples the bars 



on the central feathers are nearly obsolete. 

 Chin, throat, and chest white, changing on the upper breast into the deep ferruginous of the lower parts, including the 



legs and under tail-coverts, and striped everywhere but on the chin and throat with lanceolate black shaft-streaks ; 



under surface of tail greyish ; under surface of primaries white, from the notch to the tip greyish, showing narrow 



black bars ; lesser under wing-coverts pale rufous with black mesial stripes ; greater secondary series and the 



primary row black, with white tips and fulvous edges. 



Obs. In very old specimens the rufous colouring is very deep, and spreads upwards to the throat, the feathers being 

 either tipped with it or washed with a paler hue than that of the breast. The extent of the shaft-streaks on the 

 upper parts varies, the throat and chest having them in old birds. Mr. Bligh's male example (the first procured 

 in Ceylon, and now in the Norwich Museum) has the rufous colouring extending no higher than the breast, and 

 therefore represents a mature, but not an aged bird. 



Young. I have not had an opportunity of examining this Eagle in its nestling plumage, and I therefore transcribe here 

 the description given by Mr. Sharpe at page 458 of the ' Catalogue of Accipitres,' from a young bird in Lord Tweed- 

 dale's collection, which is evidently in its first dress : — " Above dark brown, the feathers lighter on their margins ; 

 wing-coverts coloured like the back, but the greater series with narrow white margins ; hind neck paler than 

 back, rufous-brown, with dark brown longitudinal centres, causing a slightly streaked appearance ; quills blackish, 

 with whity brown shafts ; the secondaries paler brown, like the scapularies, all the quills narrowly banded with 

 black, nearly obsolete on the primaries, but more distinct on the secondaries, especially underneath, where the 

 lining of the wing is whitish ; tail dark brown, whitish at tip, and crossed with seven or eight rather narrow bands 

 of black. 



" Crown of head dark brown, with tiny cream-coloured tips to the feathers ; the occipital crest black, and 1-9 inch long ; 

 forehead and eyebrow very broad, rich creamy buff ; cheeks and entire underparts creamy white, as also the tarsal 

 feathers and under wing- and tail-coverts, the greater under wing-coverts with a few indistinct blackish bars."' 



Wing 13-3 inches. 



The tappings of the head-feathers, margins of the wing-coverts, and creamy colour of the under surface testify to this 

 bird being in nestling plumage. 



An immature bird, apparently of the second year, in my collection is in the following plumage :— Head and upper surface 

 very dark brown, the terminal portions of the feathers being blackish, but the basal parts paler brown than the 

 centres ; forehead at the edge of the cere, a narrow streak above the eye, and the basal portions of the head and 

 nuchal feathers whitish ; crest fully developed ; lesser coverts on the point of the wdng and along its edge with 

 pale terminal margins ; primary and greater secondary coverts and also the secondaries pale tipped, the former 

 most clearly so ; inner webs of the quills much as in the adult, but with the ground less white, being mottled 

 between the bars ; tail smoky brown, tipped pale, with narrower bars than in the adult, the subterminal one 

 scarcely broader than the rest. 



Chin, face, ear-coverts, and entire under surface with the under wing white ; ear-coverts and sides of neck below them 

 with terminal dark shaft-stripes ; feathers at the sides of the breast and one or two on the chest with lanceolate 

 dark brown shaft-stripes, surrounded by a wash of rufous ; longer feathers of the flank-plumes dark brown, forming 

 a prominent dark patch ; thighs, tarsi, and under tail-coverts with rufescent feathers here and there ; major under 

 wing-coverts with blackish terminal patches. The rufous hue on the under tail-coverts is taking place by a change 

 of feather ; but there are some new feathers on the thighs of a darker hue. AVing 15 - inches. 



In the Norwich Museum are two young examples from " Java " and " Batchian " in this stage of plumage. 



With age the darkening of the lower parts and the gradual advance of the rufous up towards the chest is very percep- 

 tible. An example from Malacca, in the British Museum, in the next stage to the above has the throat, chest, 



