P I C A R I JE. 

 Fam. BUCEROTID^. 



Bill very large, curved from the base, with or without a casque on the upper mandible. 

 Nostrils small, pierced in the bill, without a membrane, at the junction of the casque with the 

 upper mandible or near the ridge. Wings short. Tail long, of ten feathers. Tarsus short. 

 Feet syndactyle ; three toes in front. 



Tongue short and heart-shaped. Sternum wider at the posterior edge than in front, and 

 with a shallow emargination on each side. 



Genus ANTHRACOCEROS. 



Bill enormous, curved, from the base to the tip ; the upper mandible surmounted by a long, 

 high, and sharp casque, its anterior edge projecting forward. Nostrils narrow, situated at the 

 base of the casque ; orbital and gular skin nude. Wings short and rounded, the 1st three quills 

 evenly graduated; the 1st short and the 5th and Gth the longest; tertials reaching beyond the 

 primaries. Tail very long, of ten feathers. Legs and feet stout, covered with broad, prominent, 

 transverse scales. Tarsus longer than the middle toe ; toes syndactyle, the outer connected with 

 the middle as far as the last joint ; sole very broad, claws short and stout. 



ANTHRACOCEROS CORONATUS. 



(THE CROWNED HORNBILL.) 



Buceros coronatus, Bodd. Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 53 (1783) ; Blyth, Ibis, 1860, p. 352. 



Buceros violaceus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 19 (1811); Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1849, p. 803; 

 Kelaart, Prodromus, Cat. p. 126 (1852). 



Buceros malabaricus, Tiekell, J. A. S. B. 1853, ii. p. 579 ; Jerdon, Cat. B. S. India, Madr. 

 Journ. 1840, xi. p. 38 ; Layard, Aim. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1854, xiii. p. 260. 



Antliracoccros coronata, Reich. Syst. Av. pi. 49 (1849). 



Ili/dwcissa coronata, Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 588 (1856) ; Cab. et 

 Heine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 170 (I860); Jerdon, B. of Ind. i. p. 245 (1862); Holdsworth, 

 P. Z. S. 1872, p. 425 ; Ball, Str. Feath. 1874, p. 387. 



Authracoceros coronatus, Elliot, Mon. Bucerotidse, pt. iv. (1877). 



The Large Hornbill, Kelaart ; The Malabar Pied Hombill, Jerdon ; Toucan, Double-billed 

 Bird, Europeans in Ceylon ; Danchuri, Hind. ; Bagma-dunes, Bengal. ; Wayera, 

 Mahrattas ; Peshta-ganda, Gonds; Suliman murghi, lit. " Solomon's Fowl," Musselmen 

 in South India ; Kuchla-kha in Goomsoor (Jerdon). 



Porowa Mndetta, lit. " Axe Hornbill " (from the shape of the bill), Sinhalese ; Atta- 

 Ttmndetta, apud Layard ; Errana-chundoo-kuruvi, Ceylonese Tamils, lit. " double- 

 billed bird " (apud Layard). 



