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Genus COEYDALLA*. 



Bill straight, stouter and higher at the base than in Motacilla ; tip slightly decurved. 

 Nostrils as in the last genus ; rictal bristles well developed. Wings long, pointed, the 1st, 2nd, 

 and 3rd quills subequal and longest ; tertials not exceeding the primaries. Tail shorter than the 

 wings, even or emarginate ; the outer feathers shorter than the others. Tarsus long, smoothly 

 scutellate in front ; toes moderately long, with the hind claw lengthened, in some species to a 

 considerable degree. 



Plumage pale-margined above, and more or less spotted or striated on the chest. 



COEYDALLA BICHABDL 



(RICHARD'S PIPIT.) 



Anthus richardi, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xxvi. p. 491 (1818) ; Gould, B. of Europe, pi. 135 ; Blyth, 

 Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 135 (1849); Layard, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853, xii. 

 p. 268 ; Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. i. p. 355 (1854) ; Newton in Yarrell's 

 Brit. B. p. 598 (1874); Dresser, B. of Europe, pt. 26 (1874); Irby, B. of Gibraltar, 

 p. 110 (1875) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 343. 



Corydalla richardi (Vieill.), Vigors, Zool. Journ. i. p. 411 (1825) ; Kelaart, Prodromus, Cat. 

 p. 121 (1852); Jerdon, B. of Ind. ii. p. 331 (1863); Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 366; 

 Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 458 ; Brooks, Str. Feath. 1873, p. 358 ; Hume, ibid. 1874, 

 p. 239 ; Legge, Ibis, 1875, p. 398 ; Scully, Str. F. 1876, p. 152 ; Armstrong, t. c. p. 330 ; 

 Prjevalski, B. of Mongolia, Rowley's Orn. Miscell. ii. p. 195(1877) ; Hume & Davison, 

 B. of Tenass.', Str. Feath. 1878, p. 365 ; Ball, ibid. vol. vii. p. 220 ; Cripps, t. c. p. 288. 



Corydalla chinensis (Bp.), Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 366. 



Slender Lark, Latham ; Large Titlark, Europeans ; Marslt-Pipit of some writers. Sairam, 

 lit. " Singing-bird," Turkestan, Scully ; Pastro marello, Portuguese in Ceylon ; Pulla 

 ])uraki, lit. " Wormpicker,' 1 Tamils ; also Ifeta kalie, lit. " Long Legs." 



Gomarita, Sinhalese. 



Adult male and female. Length 7"5 to 7"9 inches ; wing 3-6 to 4-0 ; tail 2-9 to 3-2 ; tarsus 1-2 to 1-3 ; middle toe 



and claw 1-07 to 1-18 ; hind toe 0-6, its claw 0-65 to 0-82 ; bill to gape 0-75 to 0-85. 

 These dimensions are taken, as is the invariable rule in this work unless otherwise stated, from Ceylon birds. 



There is, as will be seen, much variation in the length of the hind claw ; but it has always the same straight 



character, differing in that from C. striolata. 

 Iris pale brown or light hazel ; bill, upper mandible dark brown, lower fleshy with dusky tip, inside of mouth yellow ; 



legs and feet fleshy, the toes brownish and the soles yellow, claws brown. 



* Structurally this genus is but little different from true Anthus. It was adopted by Vigors for the species first to 

 be noticed, and has been adopted generally for the allied hair-brown fulvous-margined Pipits, C. richardi, C. striolata, 

 C. rufula, and C. malayensis of the Indo-Malayan region. I retain the generic term here because these birds appear to 

 differ from true Anthus in not having a marked breeding-plumage. Blyth says that they only moult once ; but tins is 

 erroneous, for I have detected examples of both the commoner Ceylon species acquiring new feathers in spring, although 

 they do not shed the quills and rectrices at that season. 



