CHALCOPHAPS INDICA. 



(THE BRONZE-WINGED DOVE.) 



Columba indica, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 284 (1766). 



Columba javaniea, Gm. ed. Syst. Nat. i. p. 781 (1788). 



Chalcophaps indicus (L.), Blyth, Cat. B.Mus. A. S. B. p. 234 (1849); Layard, Ann. & Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. 1854, xiv. p. 62 ; Jerdon, B. of Ind. iii. p. 484 (1864) ; Walden, Ibis, 1ST:;, 

 p. 315 ; Hume, Str. Feath. 1874, p. 269; Ball, ibid. 1878, vii. p. 225. 



Chalcophaps indica (L.), Kelaart, Prodromus, Cat. p. 130 (1852) ; Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1871, 

 p. 397; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 467; Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 26, et 1875, p. 400 

 Salvadori, Ucc. di Bom. p. 299 (1874); Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. 1875, ix. p. 221 

 Plume, Nests and Eggs, iii. p. 509 (1875); id. Str. Feath. 1875, p. 165; Bourdillon 

 ibid. 1876, p. 404 ; Inglis, ibid. 1877, p. 40 ; Fairbank, t. c. p. 409 ; Hume & Davison, 

 ibid. 1878, B. of Tenass., p. 424; Cripps, ibid. 1878, vii. p. 293. 



Chalcophaps bornensis, Bonap. Compt. Rend, xliii. pp. 947, 949 (1856); Wall. Ibis, 1865, 

 p. 393. 



Chalc oi>h ops javanica (Gm.), Wall. Ibis, 1865, p. 393. 



The Green-winged Dove, Edwards, Nat. Hist. i. pi. 14; Tourterelle de Java, Buffon, PI. Enl.; 

 Imperial Dove, Sportsmen in India ; Green Pigeon, "Bronze-wing," Beetle-winged 

 Pigeon, Ground-Dove, Ground-Pigeon, Europeans in Ceylon. Bam-ghughu and Raj- 

 ghughu, Bengal. ; Andi bella guwa, Telugu ; Pathaki praa, Ceylonese Tamils ; Pomba 

 verde, Portuguese in Ceylon. 



Xila lobaya, lit. " Green Dove," Sinhalese. 



Iduli male. Length 10-0 to 10'5 inches ; wing 5-3 to 5*8 ; tail 3-3 to 3-5 ; tarsus 0-9 to 1-0 ; middle toe and claw 

 1 •!).-, to 1-1; bill to gape 0-9. 



Examples from the hills appear to average larger than those from the low country ; I have not procured many, and it 

 is probable that some may exceed 5-8 inches in the wing. 



Iris dark brown ; bill coral-red, dusky about the base ; legs and feet purplish or dark coral-red. 



Forehead and a broad stripe above the eye down to the side of the nape white, blending into the fine ashy blue of 

 the crown; whole neck, throat, and breast rich vinaceous brown, paling on the belly into reddish grey; in some 

 specimens there is a broad stripe of blue-grey from the nape down the centre of the hind neck, spreading out over 

 the ruddy brown just above the interscapulary region; in others there is merely a wash of this colour down this 

 part : interscapulars, scapulars, wing-coverts, the tertials, and the outer webs of the secondaries metallic emerald- 

 green, beautifully illumined with a coppery bronze hue when viewed exactly from above ; primaries and inner webs 

 of secondaries brown, the basal portion of the inner margins cinnamon-red ; lower back glossy sepia-brown, crossed 

 by two broad bands of bluish white, the lower one blending into the dark ashy black-tipped upper tail-coverts, 

 the dark interspace with a few small bronze spots near the tips of the feathers; tail cinereous blackish, the two 

 outer pairs of feathers bluish white at the base and tipped with the same, having a broad subterminal blackish 

 band; under tail-coverts at the sides bluish ashy, in the centre concolorous with the tail, tipped with bluish ashv: 

 under whig-coverts cinnamon-red, and along the upper edge of the ulna the anterior webs of the feathers are pure 

 white, changing to bluish ashy at the flexure of the wing, and forming a white shoulder-patch. 



F( m //,■ (low country). Length 9-2 to 9"5 inches ; wing 5-1 to 5-3 ; legs and feet dusky red : bill not so bright as in the 

 male. 



Supercilium and forehead not so white as in the male, but overcast with bluish, and passing on the crown and nap.' 

 into the deeper blue of the tips of the feathers, the bases being ruddy brown ; the throat and fore neck are light 

 chocolate-brown, passing into ruddy whitish on the chin and lower breast, and darkening on the hind neck into a 



