Genus PHALACROCOEAX. 

 Bill with the culmen flat and the tip suddenly bent down perpendicular to the direction of 

 the ridge; a long narrow groove running from the nostril near the culmen to the commencement 

 of the curve ; nostrils basal, linear, concealed beneath the loral skin ; sides of the under mandible 

 flexible, and only joined at the tip by a bony arch, up to which the gular pouch extends. Wings 

 with the 2nd quill the longest, and the 1st and 3rd subequal, the inner webs of the 1st and 2nd 

 notched. Tail rounded, the feathers very stiff, and the laterals graduated. Tarsus short and 

 much compressed, the inner side with a rim of transverse scales, the front and the outer side 

 reticulate. Toes flattened, the outer longest, much exceeding the tarsus, and with four joints ; 

 hind toe reversible to the front. 



PHALACEOCOEAX CAEBO. 



(THE COMMON CORMORANT.) 



Pelecanus carbo, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 216 (1766). 



PJialacrocorax carbo (Linn.), Leach, Syst. Cat. M. & B. Brit. Mas. p. 34(1816); Hume, 



Str. Tenth. 1879, p. 116 (List B. of Ind.) ; Dresser, B. of Eur. pts. 73, 74 (1879). 

 Phalacrocorax novce-hollandice, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xiii. pt. 1, p. 93 (1825). 

 Graculus carbo (L.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 298 (1849) ; Jerdon, B. of Ind. iii. 



p. 861 (1864); Salvadori, Uccelli di Borneo, p. 364 (1874); Hume, Nests and Eggs, 



iii. p. 659 (1875); Scully, Str. Feath. 1876, p. 204; Oates, ibid. 1877, p. 169; Hume, 



ibid. 1878 (B. of Tenass.), p. 496. 

 Cor ro marinho, Portuguese; Aalscholver, Sc/iollevaar, Dutch. Ghogur, Pan-kowal, Pan-kowa, 



Hind.; Bonta-kaM, Telugu ; Khara ghaz, lit. "Black Goose," Khasghar (Scully); 



U, Japanese ; Aqaq, Arabic. 



PHA LACROCORAX FUSCICOLLIS. 

 (THE ASIATIC CORMORANT.) 



ilacrocorax fuscicollis, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. vol. xiii. pt. 1, p. 91 (1826) ; Hume, Str. Feath. 1S79, p. lit; 



(List B. of Ind.). 

 GV«i ulus sinensis (Shaw), apud Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 298 (1849) ; Layard, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1854, 



xiv. p. 271 ; Jerdon, B. of Ind. iii. p. 802 (1864); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872. p. 483; Hume, Nests and Eggs, 



iii. p. 660 (1875) ; Butler & Hume, Str. Feath. 1876, p. 33. 

 Gracvlus fuscicollis (Steph.), Oates, Str. Feath. 1877, p. 170. 

 The Chinese Pelican, Shaw, Nat. Miscell. xii. pi. 529 (1790-1813). 

 Brown-necked Shag, Lath. Gen. Hist. x. p. 425. 



Adult (India"). "Length 24 to 27 inches : wing 11, expanse 36 to 40 ; tail 5 4 to 6 : bill at front 2| ; middle toe 

 2|." (Jerdon.) 



