104 
ON THE OCCURRENCE OF MARINE FOSSIL- 
IFEROUS ROCKS AT KERGUELEN ISLAND. 
By Prorgessor RALPH TATE. 
[Read September 3, 1900. ] 
Plates II. —III. 
INTRODUCTION. 
Kerguelen Island was discovered in 1772 by the vegeta 
a French vessel—Ives Julian de Kerguelen Trem 
little later it was visited by Captain Cook. Since iba | it has 
been visited by four scientific expeditions, the first under the 
command of Sir James Ross in 1840; vim second, that of the 
Challenger Expedition in 1874, and the two Transit of Venus 
Expeditions 1874-75, one British, the hel United States of 
Am 
> 
The “island i isin about 49? South latitude, is 100 miles long, 
and about 50 miles wide, and is about 3,500 miles S.E. from the 
Cape of Good Hope, and 3,000 miles from the extreme west, coast 
of Australia. 
Ross says of it, that it is one of the most barren spots on the 
earth at the same distance from the pole. One of the names by 
and rugged mass of sterile mountains, ded A ‚parallel steppes 
one above another in alternate slopes and precipices, terminating 
in frightful naked and frowning cliffs, wild dip perpendicularly 
into the sea. The snow lying upon these slopes between the 
black cliffs gives a most singularly striped and banded appear- 
ance to the whole country, each band indicating a flow o 
volcanic matter, for the island is cove with craters, whose 
vents have given issue to stream upon ge: of molten se 
sinuous 
Kerguelen Inland was visited in 1898 by Mr. Robert Hall, of 
RN and his collections of lichens, alg, fungi, and rocks, 
which have been described by experts in the “ Victorian 
Naturalist, vols. XV. and XV1.,” have supplemented — 
knowledge in the several departments. But these discove 
vast] nded by that Ming to the presence of aiae 
