E. B. Andrews on the Geological Relations of Rock Oil. 85 
Arr, XIIL—Rock Oil, tts Geological Relations and Distribution ; 
by Prof. E. B. ANDREWS, Marietta College, Ohio. 
My investigations have been directed chiefly to the oil of the 
wears and I propose in this paper to give some of my 
results. 
The surface indications of petroleum are oil and gas springs. 
These springs are found scattered over a very large area. 
It is doubtless well known to scientific men that there are, in 
the West, two distinct geological formations from which petro- 
leum or rock oil is obtained. These are the bituminous coal 
has recently been brought forward by Prof. J. 8. New erry an 
has received the sanction of many of our most eminent chemists. 
The chief objection to it is the fact that the coal, cannel and 
bituminous, in our oil regions gives no evidence of haying lost 
any of its full and normal quantity of bitumen or hydrocarbons. 
or example, at Petroleum, Ritchie Co., Va., where strata have 
been brought up by an uplift from several hundred feet below 
seams of cannel and bituminous coal appear, which, if jud. 
by the standard of Nova Scotia or English coals, have lost none 
