E. B, Andrews on the Geological Relations of Rock Oil. 93 
amount of fissures. By this law, the great wells on Little Ka- 
nawha are easily explained. With so much room for expansion, 
the hydro-carbons of the coal and bituminous strata underneath 
have risen in the form of vapor and during long geological ages 
have been filling the fissures with oil. 
Since writing the above, I have examined the Report of the 
Geol. Survey of Kentucky, vol. iii, and find that the oil region 
which hes in Cumberland county and in several adjoining coun- 
ties, is probably situated upon a line of peculiar disturbance. 
Mr. Owen states that “the principal axis of disturbance, already 
mentioned, which passes in a southwest course through Lincoln, 
Casey, Russell and Cumberland into Monroe county, probably 
crosses the Cumberland (river) at the Riffle, near the Turkey 
River Bend, where a dip of about 4° was observed at the head 
of the Riffle in a direction of 50° east, while a reversed dip, 
north 50° west, at about the same angle was noticed near 
foot of the Rifle.” A careful examination might show that the 
fissures containing oil in this region are to be found chiefly along 
the line of this disturbance. 
Of a locality in Cumberland county, Mr. Owen thus writes: 
“On Crocus Creek, the blue limestone dips 2° to the northeast ; 
a short distance up Puncheon Camp, the slate dips at an angle 
of about 1° in a course south 20° west, while not far off, on the 
Creek, it dips with about the same angle in a course north 10° 
to 20° east. Hence it is evident that the dip is very irregular.” 
On Crocus Creek and on ‘other streams in that region large 
quantities of oil were found many years ago in boring for salt 
aa 20° to 52°(B.) Oil from Pomeroy, O., standing at 51° B. 
Marietta, Ohio, May 20, 1861. < 
