118 Scientific Intelligence, 
tion to this the Tetort be shaken from time to time in order to mix the 
order 
last traces of the fat which is more difficultly acted upon now that it is 
no longer in presence of so large an excess of the carbonate. At the 
end of several hours a yellowish, semifluid mass is obtained which be- 
comes more consistent on cooling: it dissolves slowly in water, producing 
an opaiine. liquor resembling in all respects a solution of common soap. 
hen carbonate of lime is eunecuueee for carbonate of soda, in the 
proportion of 18 to 20 parts of the lime-salt to 100 pts. of tallow, the 
reaction occurs more readily than when carbonate of soda is employed, a 
tt yellowish mass, hard enough to be pulverized, being obtained. 
the carbonates of baryta, strontia and ma nesia, the same reaction 
eestor while with carbonate of lead, the de ecomposition goes on very 
rapidly and is accompanied with a tumultous evolution of gas 
If the action of the heat is carefully regulated, oxyd of glyceryl is 
alone decomposed, the fatty acids remaining intact. By direct experi- 
ment 100 pts. of tallow when saponified with carbonate of soda afforded 
94-8 orms. of fatty acid; while the same ooo of tallow saponified by 
oo of lime yielded 95°6 pts. of fatty 
100 s. of the lime soap treated with wut gave no glycerine; but 
by means “of ether a few centigrms. of a nonvolatile oily substance, lighter 
than water and insoluble in alkalies or mineral acids, were extracted. The 
gases disengaged consist of carbonic acid, about 75°30 pr. ct., light car- 
buretted hydrogen 11-85 pr. ct., hydrogen 12°85 pr. ct., together with a 
a acroleine.—-Annales de Chimie et de Physique, (3), Ix, 216. 
0. Preparation of Hydrate of Baryta by means of Oxyd of Zine.— 
by filtration Journal Sir praktiothe Chainle Peieesh 62. ¥. H. 8. ” 
II. GEOLOGY. 
1, Kenruckxy Grotocica, Survey.—l. yet] on the Fossil Flora 
and of the Stratigraphical Distribution of the Coal in the Kentucky Coal 
Fields; by Lzo Lesquereux, Palzontological Assistant. — 2. Zopo- 
graphical and Geological Report of the Country along the outline te 
line following the western margin of the Eastern Coal field of the State 
of Kentucky; by Joszrz cane, Jx., Topographical Assistant. Large 
Gas 
