U3 Jour., Bom. Nat. Hist. Sot., Vol. XXXII, No. 4 [May 31, 1928. 



rarely strap-shaped ; pedicels solitary or in pairs, alternately to the right and 

 the left of the facial angle, usually reduced to short disc-tipped stumps, or if 

 binate the primary slightly longer. Spikelets close, contiguous or slightly dis- 

 contiguous, 2 or irregularly pluri-seriate, glabrous or hairy, broad-ovate to- 

 elliptic or lanceolate-oblong, awnless, usually more or less flattened or slightly 

 depressed abaxially, convex on the back, falling entire from the pedicels, soli- 

 tary or binate or in fascicles of 3-4, secund and abaxial on the rhachis. involucral 

 glumes similar and subequalor more often dissimilar and very unequal in length, 

 the ower being the shorter, upper resembling and more or less equalling the 

 lower floral glume, 5-11 (mostly 7-) nerved. Lower floral glume 5-7-, rarely 

 more-nerved the inner lateral nerves somewhat distant from the midnerve,. pale 

 subequal to the glume, with well- developed infiexed flaps and sharp sometimes 

 marginate keels ; upper floral glume elliptic to rotun date-elliptic in outline,, 

 very obtuse, with usually scabrid or barbellate mucro, narrowly involute, 5-7- 

 nerved, pale almost as long as the glume, 2-keeled, the sides tightly embraced 

 by the valve all along. Lodicules 2, small, broadly cuneate. Stamens 3 ; 

 styles distinct ; stigma plumose, laterally exserted upwards. Grain tightly 

 enclosed by the glume and pale, broadly to rotnndate-elliptic, dorsally com- 

 pressed. 



' ' Very similar to Brachiaria, but with the orientation of the spikelets inverted 

 and a short fine mucro from the very obtuse apex of the fertile valve. Although 

 very similar in general appearance, none of the species of Urochloa can be said 

 to approach closely members of the genus Brachiaria. Their affinities are 

 clearly inter se, suggesting a distinct line of evolution. The occurrence of 

 parallel states^ one with glabrous, the other with pubescent spikelets, but other- 

 wise indistinguishable, runs almost through the whole genus. To this may be 

 added the presence of a submarginal fringe in the lower floret, almost normal 

 in some and very rare in other species, and apparently in no. case correlated 

 with other characters." (Stapf he). 



Species about lS.-^Hot parts of the Old World, one in America, but perhaps 

 introduced. 



Cooke describes 3 species of Panicum which belong here : Panicum prostra- 

 tum, Lamk., P. setigerum, Retz., and P. Javanicum* Poir., to which we add 

 Urochloa marathensis, Henrard. 



A. Spikelets up to 2 mm. long ... ... 1. U. reptans. 



B. Spikelets 2 - 5-5 mm. long 



I. Spikelets lanceolate, acuminate ... 2. U. setigera. 



II. Spikelets ovate to elliptic-oblong 



1. Leaves about 3 cm. long. Racemes 2 cm. 



long ... ... .,. ... 3. 17. marathensis\ 



2, Leaves 3'5-15 cm. long. Racemes 2*5-5 cm. 



long ... ... ... ... 4. U. Helopus. 



I. Urochloa reptans, Stapf in Prain Fl. Trop. Afr. ix, 601 ; Haines in Bot.. 

 Bihar & Orissa 1003.— Panicum reptans, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x, 870 ; Hitchc 

 & Chase in Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb, xv, 36, fig. 17, excl. P. grossarium. 

 -P. repens, N. L Burm. Fl. Ind. 26, t. 11, f. 1 ; Rottl. in Neue Schrift. iv, 182 ; 

 Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 302; Boi. Hort. Maur. 364 [non Linn.).— P. prostratum, 

 Lam. 111. i, 171 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 446 ; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 546 ; 

 Schweinf. in Bull. Herb, Boiss. ii, App. ii, 20 ; Baker Fl. Maur. 435 ; Duthie 

 List. Grass. N. W. Ind. 6 ; 111. Indig. Fodd. Grass, t. 45 ; Fodd. Grass. N. Ind. 

 11; Boiss. Fl. Or. v, 438; Dalz. & Gibs. 290; Hook. f. in F.B.I, vii, 33 ; 

 Cke. ii, 932 ; Merrill in Philipp. Journ. Sc. i, 355.— P. barbatum, Lam. 1. c. 

 —P. ccespitosum, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. i, 146. —P. Sieberi, Link. Hort. Berol. i, 207. 

 —P. procumbens, var. Nees Agrost. Bras. 109. — P. crispum, Llanos, Fragm. 42. 

 — P. insularum, Steud. Syn. PI. Glum, i, 61. — P. calacczense, Steud. I.e. 65. 

 —P. aurelianum, Halein Wood Classb. ed. iii, 787.— P. viaticum, Salzm. ex Doell 

 in Mart. Fl. Bras, ii, ii, 155. — P. marginatum, Vahl ex. Hook. f. 1. c— Brachi- 

 aria prostrata, Griseb. in Abh. Ges. Wiss. Goett. vii, 263. 



Description : Cke. ii, 932, under Panicum prostratum. 



Locality: Gujarat: Ahmedabad, famine grass plot, Bed ar (Herb. Gujarat 

 College!); Ghad, on black soil (Sedgwick 1124!). — Khandesh : Nandurbar, 

 (Mamlatdar of Nandurbar !) ; Umalla, Tapti bank (Blatter & Hall berg 5229 !); 

 Bor, Tapti (Blatter & Hallberg4417 \).—Konkan : Vasco da Gama (Bhide !); 

 Matunga, salt pans (Sabnis 9572 !) ; Byculla (McCann 9577 \).—Deccan : Kirkee 



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