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nsro. 7. 



SECOND NOTICE OF EXTINCT VERTEBRATES FROM BITTER 



CREEK, WYOMING. 



By Edward D. Cope. 



Pal^eosyops vallidens. Cope, sp. nov. 



Represented by the dentition of one maxillary bone with other bones 

 of one individual ; a portion of the same dentition of a second ; with 

 both rami of the mandible with complete dentition of a third. The spe- 

 cies is distinguished by the details of the dental structure, and by the 

 superior size. It exceeds, in this respect, the Palceosyops major, Leidy ; 

 while the three posterior lower molars measure 4.5 inches in length, the 

 same teeth of the present animal measure 5.25 inches. The last superior 

 molar of another specimen measures 2 inches in length ; in the third the 

 first true molar is 1.5 inch in length, while the last inferior molar is 2.25 

 inches long. The peculiarity in the structure of the superior molars consists 

 in the existence- of two strong transverse ridges, which connect the inner 

 tubercle with the outer crescents, enclosing a pit between them. These 

 are most marked on the premolers, where also is found the peculiarity of 

 the almost entire fusion of the outer crescents into a single ridge. These 

 united crescents are narrower than in P. major, and the summits of all 

 the crescents are relatively more elevated. The number of inner tubercles 

 is the same as in that species ; all the teeth have very strong basal cin- 

 gula, which rise up on the inner tubercle. The last inferior molar is 

 relatively narrower than in P. major, and the posterior tubercle is larger 

 and longer, and is an elevated cone. 



This species is after those next described, the largest mammal of the 

 Wyoming Eocene. 



Loxolophodon. Cope. 

 (Proceed. Amer. Philos. Soc. Feb. 16, 1872.) 



The discovery of the remains of numerous animals of this genus con- 

 firm the propriety of its separation from BatJimodon. The characters are 

 as follows : 



Type of extremities Proboscidian. Femur without third trochanter, 

 toes short, stout. Dentition : I. 1 ; C. : P. M. 4 ; M. 2. The premax- 

 illary is at the posterior margin of that bone, and is a large recurved 

 trenchant tusk. There is a long edentulous interval between it and the 

 first premolar, which is smaller than the others. These support an outer 

 crescent and a small inner tubercle. In the anterior premolars, the cres- 

 cent is nearly straight, in the posterior more curved. With use, the cres- 

 cent and tubercle wear together and form a short lance-head surface. 

 The crescent is angular, and occupies the whole crown in the molars, and 

 the tubercle is small and not symmetrically placed. The teeth on the 

 maxillary bone are remarkably small for the size of the animal. Lower 

 jaw not observed. 



The cranium presents a remarkable appearance on account of the pro- 



