SNAKES OF CEYLON. 449 



valuable agent. Either 5 to 30 m. of a 1 in 1,000 solution 

 (Parke, Davis) may be placed beneath the tongue, or 10 m. to 

 a pint of water may be used intravenously, if swallowing is 

 not possible. As haemorrhages are to be expected, they 

 should be anticipated, and both pituitary and adrenalin, as 

 advocated above, will be found as important for this as for 

 syncope. Another useful agent to employ is chloride of 

 calcium. One grain to 20 minims of water should be injected 

 deeply into the gluteal muscles ; and repeated, if necessary, 

 up to 3 grains. 



The non-professional attendant can do much in such cases. 

 He cansubdue,if not actually relieve, pain by hot fomentations. 

 He can apply friction with powdered ginger or mustard to 

 various parts of the body in turn, whilst the rest of the body 

 is covered up with blankets, and can pursue this course until 

 eight or a dozen hot water bottles can be filled, when they 

 should be wrapped in flannel garments or blankets, and 

 applied all round the patient. He can give hot stimulating 

 drinks, such as coffee, bovril, &c, if the patient can swallow. 

 These should be given in small quantities (half a small coffee 

 cupful or so) every ten minutes. Alcohol should not be given. 

 He can further seek to gain the patient's confidence, allay his 

 fears, and reassure him as to his fate. 



Lepidosis. — (a) Typical — Rostral : The rostro -nasal sutures 

 are longer than the rostro-internasals, and more than twice 

 the rostro -labials. Internasals : The suture between them 

 half to three-fifths that between the prefrontal pair, about 

 two -thirds the internaso -prefrontals. Prefrontals : The 

 suture between them longer than the praefronto-frontals ; 

 touching the internasal, postnasal, praeocular. and supra- 

 ocular. Frontal: The fronto -supraocular sutures shorter than 

 the fronto -parietals. Nasals : Equally deep. Praeocular : 

 Hardly reaching the top of the head. Postoculars : The 

 lower rather the larger. Temporal : About as long as the 

 supraocular. Supralabials : Seven; the 1st and 2nd touching 

 the nasals, 3rd and 4th the eye, and 5th and 6th the temporal ; 

 first three subequal in length. Sublinguals : The posterior 

 subequal to the anterior, touching the 4th infralabial. Infra- 

 labials : Four ; the 4th nearly as long as thte posterior 



