96 



J. S. GAED^'ER OH THE TEETIAET 



separated from each other, the first from the second by 4 feet and 

 the others by intervals of 3 feet each, of a more compact marl of an 

 almost stony character. The whole is capped by 30 feet of sandstone 

 withont plants. About a mile further east the lignites thin and are 

 only four in number and of less uniform thickness. The base is still 

 formed of greenish, indurated, sometimes ferruginous, sandy clay, 

 about 200 feet thick, passing towards the west into a basaltic breccia 

 at its lower part. The lowest bed of lignite is 18 inches thick, and 

 the other three 1 foot each, separated respectively by 16, 12, and 

 6 feet, and the uppermost surmounted by 14 feet of matrix, termi- 

 nating with a conglomerate of rounded pebbles. Half a mile beyond 

 this, to the east, the whole of the lignites dip below the sea-leveL 

 A mile further along the coast, at the angle of a chine, is the section 

 shown in fig. 1. 



The fossiliferous beds rise inland, and cannot be traced more than 

 a few hundred yards up the chine. They are much faulted, — one 

 fault up the chine had a downthrow of 60 feet, — most of the faults 

 being in a JST.J^.E. direction or nearly parallel with the shore, pro- 

 ducing sometimes an apparent overlying of the shell-beds by the 

 lignites (fig. 2). 



Fig. 2. — Fault causing Shell-beds to he apparently overlain hy 



Lignites, near Husavik, Iceland. 



w. w. 



a. Lignites. h. Lignites concealed by debris. c. Shell-bed?, 



Much of the matrix, especially towards the base, is exceedingly 

 like our London clay. The shells occur in bands, and particular 

 species are confined to particular horizons. Across the chine the 

 beds almost immediately dip out of sight (fig 3), and are succeeded 

 by higher and unfossiliferous beds, more compact and indurated, and 

 paler in colour. These are also much faulted. 



I ceased to take notes beyond the Cape, but I subsequently rode 

 along the coast to the extreme point of Tjornes, where I understood 

 lignites had been met with ; but for ten miles the unfossiliferous 

 bed seemed to continue without any change. 



I endeavoured to determine some of the species by comparison 

 at the Jermyn Street Museum, and submitted the list of names 

 which resulted, and the specimens, to Mr. Searles V. Wood and to 

 Dr. J. Gwyn Jeff'reys, who very kindly furnished me with the details 

 embodied in the accompanying table. 



Dr. Morch, in the work referred to above, gives a list of 58 



