204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. ([Jan. 5, 
quarried in one place, about fifty yards distant from the limestone, 
and there appeared to dip at a high angle to the north. In the lime- 
stone quarry the dip is rather to the south, but the beds are much- 
broken and confused. The quarry lies on the side of a steep hill 
into which the strata run, and the limestone bed being nearly vertical, 
has been wrought out like a large vem. Of its extent I can give no 
account from personal observation, it bemg entirely hid by the rub- 
bish ; but an old man who had seen it formerly, stated that the bed 
was thirty feet thick. It is covered by slate of the common blue 
colour. In this slate I found irregular masses, or angular nodules 
of limestone, from an inch, or less, to several feet in diameter: these 
lie in the slate im no perceptible relation to its cleavage planes, and 
are accompanied by fragments of slate, the laminz of which are 
oblique to those of the inclosing rock. In the slate I saw no traces 
of organic remains, but the masses of limestone involved in it were 
quite full of them. They appear indeed little more than a crystalline 
mass of encrinite stems. From the crystalline structure of the rock 
the fossils are very imperfectly preserved, and few of them can be 
certainly determined. Above this bed of slate are beds of light blue 
greywacke containing much chlorite and quartz; and still higher a 
fine amygdaloidal rock, unlike any rock that I have seen in any other 
part of this formation. Where weathered it is of a porous, vesicular 
texture, but in the interior of the mass these cavities are filled with ~ 
carbonate of lime. From its general aspect, 1 have no doubt that 
this rock is of igneous origin. 
This quarry is almost the only place in this district where lime- 
stone is found in the greywacke. An impure limestone rock was 
formerly quarried near Peebles, about twelve miles distant, and nearly 
in the direction of the former bed, and was also accompanied by an 
amygdaloidal trap rock, but I have never seen any mdications of 
fossils in it. The only other place in the basin of the Tweed where 
I have procured distinct organic remains, is at Greiston Slate Quarry 
near Traquair, about twelve miles, in a direct lme, from the Wrae. 
The fossils at this place are graptolites, and occur imbedded mm a 
single layer of slate or fine greywacke about half an inch thick. The ~ 
surface of this stratum is almost covered by these remains, but they 
are not seen in any other bed either above or below. It seems as if 
they had lived here in great profusion for a single short interval 
and then been all destroyed, by some sudden catastrophe. In the 
same bed small fragments of anthracite occur, and elliptical car- 
bonaceous impressions not unlike the leaf of a plant*. In a hill 
about a mile distant, a bed, or vein, of anthracite was at one time 
discovered among the greywacke, which may be regarded as furnish- 
ing additional evidence of the existence of vegetable life at this epoch. 
I may also mention that in another slate-quarry in Selkirkshire, I 
found the surface of some beds marked by impressions apparently of 
* Tn the same quarry there is a hard bluish white rock consisting of argil- 
laceous and calcareous matter mixed up together. It has somewhat of an igneous 
aspect, but forms thin, very irregular beds interposed among the sjates. The oc- 
currence of calcareous matter and of traces of apparent igneous action in the two 
places where alone fossils have been found, is curious. 
