238 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Feb. 23, 
From these considerations I think we must conclude, that through- 
out all geological time the changes on the earth’s surface, and the 
appearance and extinction of peculiar types of animals and plants, 
have been governed by the same physical and organic laws; and 
that the paroxysmal terrestrial disturbances, though apparently in 
the earlier ages involving larger areas, and operating with greater 
energy than the volcanic and subterranean action of modern times, 
did not affect the established order of organic life upon the surface 
of the globe ; and that throughout the innumerable ages indicated by 
the sedimentary formations, there was at no period a greater anomaly 
in the assemblages of certain types of the animal and vegetable king- 
doms than exists at the present time. 
—_—_—_—— —______ 
Fesruary 23, 1848. 
W. Talbot Aveline, Esq., was elected a Fellow of the Society. 
The following communications were then read :— 
1. Additional Remarks on the Geological Position of the Deposits 
in New ZEALAND which contain Bones of Birds. By GipEON 
ALGERNON Manre:t, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S. &c. 
Since I had the honour of communicating to the Geological Society 
a notice of the collection of fossil bones of birds from New Zealand, 
I have received a letter from Mr. Walter Mantell, dated Welling- 
ton, June 18, 1847, containing some details respecting the bone- 
deposits and the strata with which they are associated, which are 
of considerable interest, and confirm im every essential particular 
the conclusions suggested in my former communication. The fol- 
lowing are extracts from my son’s letter :—‘‘ The principal part of 
the best specimens I have transmitted to you I obtained from near 
the embouchure of a stream called Waingongoro, which lies about a 
mile and a half south of Waimate in the Ngatirtianti district. The 
country hereabout is an elevated table-land, with deep tortuous gul- 
lies, through which the torrents and streams take their course to the 
sea. That of Waingongoro, which is as tortuous as any of them, 
Ground plan of the embouchure of the River Waingongoro. 
_ River Waingongoro. 
Z 
\ 
Fig. 1. 
s Bo U = L 
Sea. Cliffs. Cliffs. 
a, a, a. Indicate excavations made in the tract of drifted sand containing the birds’ bones. 
5. The Pa Ohawetokteko. 
*,* The Pa or village of Tukikaii. 
x 
ea 
_ 
ee ee ee ee eee ee 
: 
: 
: 
