1848.] | ORMEROD ON THE SALT-FIELD OF CHESHIRE. 267 
Chapel, and a line extending in a south-easterly direction from Cloud 
End by the western side of Rudyard Reservoir, the low coal and 
millstone beds dip in a westerly direction. This is shown at the 
collieries at Biddulph dipping 14° westerly, the millstone on Biddulph 
Moor dipping about 40° W., the strata at Broadmeadow dipping 
W.N.W., and the beds at Horrocks Bank and Grindlestone Edge by 
Rudyard dipping about 16° S.W. by W. From what has gone be- 
fore it will be seen that Cloud End forms the northerly extremity of 
this triangular district, having a general south-west dip. 
To the east of this line, from Rudyard to Cloud, the narrow patch 
of new red sandstone occurs which has been before adverted to. 
The limestone shales or carboniferous beds on the western side of 
the anticlinal line passing by Gunstone quarries before mentioned are 
on the western side also brought into contact with this patch of 
Bunter sandstem. To the south of Leek I have not extended a 
regular examination, but it does not appear from the information 
that I have received, nor am I aware, that the Bunter sandstein 
extends in that direction. The new red sandstone forms the bottom 
of the valley, and the rising ground on the eastern side thereof from 
Leek to near Bosley. At Ballhey near Leek it is shaken, dipping 
N.E.; at Abbey Green it dips about 25° 8.W. as before mentioned ; 
near the Fould it dips 25° S.W.; it there consists of a sandy red rock 
with large pebbles, some upwards of six mches m length. At Leek 
it lies very level, having a slight dip to the N.K. Near a brook 
running from Rudyard by the east of Will Gate it dips 37° N.E. and 
is In contact with the (probably millstone) beds of the carboniferous 
measures. These are seen, as before mentioned, at a quarry at Har- 
per’s Gate, on the west side of the valley, dipping 16° S.W. by W., 
and at quarries at Grindlestone Edge having the same dip. Axestone 
Springs on the easterly side of the valley rise out of the line of fault 
between the lower carboniferous measures on the east and the Bunter 
sandstein, which is here seen in an old quarry dipping gently N.N.W. 
Hence this sandstone can be traced by Fair Edge Hill, along the old 
road from Leek to Macclesfield, and by the side of the canal-feeder 
to the river Dane at Hug Bridge. On the western side of this 
bridge clayey beds, probably the magnesian marls, are seen in the 
crook of the river, dipping about 15° N.E. by EK. The average width 
of this patch of new red sandstone is about a mile. Near Leek it is 
a mile and a half across ; this appears to be the greatest width. The 
two faults bounding this patch appear to approach gradually together 
at Hug Bridge; near this place they probably coalesce and pass by 
Cloud End through the break im the hills through which the Dane 
runs, and then enter Cheshire. 
In a paper by Mr. Binney, contamed in the fifth number of the 
Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, the particulars of the 
points of contact of the new red sandstone and the coal-measures at 
various points between Manchester and Macclesfield are stated, show- 
ing a general south-westerly dip. At Fool’s Nook by the canal, about 
two miles south of Macclesfield, the waterstone beds occur in close 
