154 PKOCEEDINGS OP THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



series next to be described ; and as these are as unequivocally newer 

 than the Hessle clay as the Kelsea-HiU gravel is older than it, 

 there can be no identity between them. As Kelsea Hill is being 

 rapidly removed for ballast, it may be well to show the appearance 

 it now presents by section. 



Pig. 3. — Section exposed in Kelsea-Hill haUast-jpit in April 1867. 



West face. Angle of Pit. South face. 



1. Sand and gravel, with shells and some included boulder-gravel. 



2. The Hessle clay, with its characteristic small boulders (10 to 12 lbs.) and frag- 



ments of chalk. 



3. G-ravel, probably the equivalent of /of Fig. 1. 4. Talus. 



Height of the highest face 35 feet. Some larger boulders (30 to 40 lbs.) were 

 in the pit, but were probably derived from the gravel No. 1. 



The remaining sand and gravel beds of the coast-section are divisi- 

 ble iato at least two portions — namely, into those marked /, and those 

 marked f, the latter being, near Bridlington, in direct superposition 

 to the former ; but whether the whole of those grouped under the 

 symbol / are of precisely the same age, we have no means of de- 

 termining. Indeed it is not improbable that some of those grouped 

 under the symbol /, such as the gravel at Hornsea, may be even 

 newer than the gravel /' which rests on the beds marked / near Brid- 

 Hngton, and be intermediate between that gravel and the numerous 

 deposits of freshwater marl that form the latest deposits along the 

 coast-section, but which, from the smallness of the scale, are omitted 

 from fig. 1. These / beds all occupy subsidiary valleys excavated 

 through the great valley- deposit of the district, the Hessle clay, 

 and consist either of laminated sands with included gravel-beds, 

 or of gravel only. A considerable bed of this series occupies the 

 valley at Hornsea, and is intersected by the coast-line. On the 

 north of the Marine Hotel at that place, in addition to beds of loam 

 intercalated in, and false-bedded with, the gravel, a loam-bed oc- 

 curs beneath the gravel (/) 6 feet thick, containing freshwater 

 moUusca in great abundance. At the Horn sea-bridge station (where 

 this bed is in section) the intercalated loam with mollusca is seen 

 to be oblique-bedded, with the gravel at a high angle. The mollusca 

 which we have obtained from this deposit are all purely freshwater 

 forms, existing and common in this country, belonging to the 

 genera Limnea, Planorbis, Bithynia, Anodonta, Cyclas, and Pisi- 

 dium ; but we were not able to find any traces either of Cyrena 

 fiuminalis or Hydrohia marginata. Prom no other beds of this 

 series have we been able to obtain any fossils ; and their origin, 

 whether freshwater or marine, is therefore uncertain. The most 

 extensive of them is that intersected by the coast between Auburn 

 and Bridlington ; and this appears to be the transverse section of a 

 sheet which runs inland towards Driffield, along the base of the inner 



