WOOD AND ROME LINCOLNSHIRE AND S.E. YORKSHIRE. 173 



the original occupation of this part by it. Northward, although 

 we have not examined the coast beyond Whitby, and between that 

 place and HuntclifF, yet, from what we have there observed, we 

 think that the connexion between the Glacial beds of the north of 

 England (and possibly also those of Scotland) and the Glacial beds 

 of the south will be found to exist rather with the purple portion 

 of the Upper Glacial clay than with that older portion of it con- 

 taining the abundant chalk debris, which to the south of North- 

 east Lincolnshire is that which the Postglacial denudation has 

 alone spared, but which stretches in tracts of all dimensions from the 

 parts described in this paper to the northern brow of the Thames 

 valley, and from the Suffolk coast to near the borders of Staffordshire, 

 In such case, since the chalk debris occurs in it in profusion as far 

 as 70 miles from the nearest edge of the chalk-formation, we shall 

 scarcely be able to resist the conclusion that the north of England 

 was land after all the south of it had become submerged, since, if the 

 whole went gradually down together, without any such intermediate 

 elevation of the northern part, and the destruction there of the chalky 

 clay, or else some such defence of the northern depressions by glaciers 

 from the entrance of the sea, as we have supposed, why does not this 

 profuse and widely diffused chalk debris occur northwards from the 

 Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Wold ? 



It would follow also, if our view of the identity of the purple 

 clay with that of the North of England be correct, that all the 

 Glacial beds of the east and east- central of England are represented 

 by the grooved and polished rock-surface upon which, in Durham 

 and Northumberland, the Glacial clay, according to the reports* of 

 of the Tyneside geologists, rests. The beds of chalk debris, marked 

 c in fig. 1, seem to belong to the same glaciated land-surface imme- 

 diately preceding the purple- clay submergence, and to be the latest 

 tailing off inland of that vast chalky redeposit produced by the Glacial 

 degradation of the Wolds which furnished, through all the period 

 of the Upper Glacial clay of the east and east-central of England, 

 the principal ingredient of that clay. It is the same hard stony 

 chalk as that of which these beds marked c are composed that is 

 so abundant and exclusive in the Glacial clay of the heights on 

 the north side of the Thames valley. 



As the true Postglacial Boulder-clay of Hessle extends down to the 

 edge of the marsh surrounding the Wash, and probably partly under- 

 lies it ; and as the estuarine Postglacial brick-clay of the Nar valley, 

 described by Mr. Eose t, occurs immediately on the east side of the 

 Wash, an identity between the two deposits naturally suggests itself. 

 It would require, however, an intimate knowledge of the country 

 immediately surrounding the Wash to bring these deposits into a 

 satisfactory correlation. An industrious search for the organic 

 remains of the Scrobicularia-brickclay of Kirmington and its neigh- 



* See especially a paper, by E. Howse, " On the Glaciation of the Counties 

 of Durham and Northumberland," in the Transactions of the North of Eng- 

 land Institute of Mining Engineers for 1864, p. 169 ef seq. 



t PhU. Mag. vol. Tii. p. 197 ; Geol. Mag. vol. ii. p. 8. 



